Psilocybin nausea

The three drugs, LSD, mescaline, and psilocybin are commonly called hallucinogens because of their ability to alter consciousness such that the individual senses things that are not present. They induce, often in an unpredictable way, perceptual symptoms, including shape and color distortion. Psychosis-like manifestations (depersonalization, hallucinations, distorted time perception) have led some to classify these drugs as psychotomimetics. They also produce somatic symptoms (dizziness, nausea, paresthesias, and blurred vision). Some users have reported intense reexperiencing of perceptual effects (flashbacks) up to several years after the last drug exposure. 

The effects of psilocybin last for a few hours. Its physical effects include pupillary dilatation, flushing, nausea, tremor, pyrexia, hyper-reflexia, tachycardia, weakness, and dizziness (5). The psychedelic effects include visual and other types of hallucinations, including enhanced perception of colours, synesthesia, time slowing, and a sensation of ego fragmentation. Psilocybin also causes illusions of motion in otherwise stationary objects (6). Psychotic reactions ( bad trips ) can occur, accompanied by fear, panic, and dangerous behavior, especially when psilocybin is used in combination with other drugs and alcohol or by psychiatrically unstable patients. During such an attack, self-mutilation can occur (7). 

In humans, LSD has been thoroughly Investigated (24) no other hallucinogen has been as extensively studied as this agent. Its actions In humans can be divided Into three major categories perceptual (altered shapes and colors, heightened sense of hearing), psychic (alterations In mood, depersonalization, visual hallucinations, altered sense of time), and somatic (nausea, blurred vision, dizziness). In terms of principal effects, there seems to be little difference between LSD, psilocybin, and mescaline. 

Of 742 patients with acute intentional exposures to mushrooms, 59 (7.9%) were admitted to hospital, 17 of whom required admission to a critical care unit and four required in-patient psychiatric admission [63 ]. Their average age was 21 years and there was a male-to-female predominance of 3.3 1. The actual mushroom was identified in 11 cases, 10 of which involved psilocybin. The most common symptoms were vomiting (n = 34), nausea (n = 19), altered mental status (n — 17), abdominal pain ( = 13), and diarrhea n =10). 

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