Proximate analysis wastes

Typical proximate-analysis data for the combustible components of industrial and municipal sohd wastes are presented in Table 25-52. 

TABLE 25-52 Typical Proximate-Analysis and Energy-Content Data for Components in Domestic/ Commercial/ and Industrial Solid Waste ... 

Chemical Composition Information on the chemical composition of solid wastes is important in evaluating alternative processing and recovery options. If solid wastes are to be used as fuel, the six most important properties to be known are 1. Proximate analysis a. Moisture (loss at 105°C for 1 h)... 

Proximate analysis, which includes the moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and heating value (BTU/LB) of the waste... 

Chemical Composition. Chemical compositional data iaclude proximate and ultimate analyses, measures of aromaticity and reactivity, elemental composition of ash, and trace metal compositions of fuel and ash. All of these characteristics impact the combustion processes associated with wastes as fuels. Table 4 presents an analysis of a variety of wood-waste fuels these energy sources have modest energy contents. 

Some wastes, which are combustible, are burned in a high-temperature furnace, like a boiler or incinerator. The heat released by the combustion process is recovered by producing high-temperature steam to supply heat or to drive a turbine to generate electricity. The heating values of some combustible materials are shown in Table ll.ll.26 The proximate analyses and heating values of municipal refuse, wood, and peat are listed in Table 11.12.26 If the ultimate analysis is known for a waste, the heating values can be estimated by means of Equation 11.44. 

It should be recognised however, that it is not always feasible (economically, technically or environmentally) to follow this shategy. Other means and principles may be necessary to formulate local waste strategies such as the precautionary principle, tire proximity principle, life cycle analysis and the Best Practicable Environmental Option (BPEO), which all apply to decisions about waste management. The BPEO is the option that provides the most benefits or least damage to the environment as a whole, at an acceptable cost, in the long term as well as the short term. 

Veeresh, S.J., Narayana, J., 2012. Assesment of agro industrial wastes proximate, ultimate, SEM, FTIR analysis for feasibility of solid biofuel production. Universal Journal of Environmental Research and Technology 6, 575-581. 

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