Protocols Designed to Mimic Embryonic Kidney Development

1 Protocols Designed to Mimic Embryonic Kidney Development 

Therefore, in our opinion it is difficult to conclude from marker expression patterns of PSC-derived renal cells which developmental stage and renal embryonic structure they actually represent. Hence, in order to address the nature of the Stan cell-derived renal cells and their potential applicability, a rigorous functional testing is obligatory. In the 

STEM CELL-DERIVED RENAL CELLS AND PREDICTIVE RENAL IN VITRO MODELS 

The OSRD cells generated by Mae et al. (2013) could be further differentiated into cells expressing markers typical for various renal structures, gonads and adrenal cortex, consistent with the idea that these cells had properties similar to those of early embryonic urogenital precursor cells. More differentiated renal cell types were obtained at frequencies that were too low for further applications (Mae et al., 2013). 

In addition to markers specific for MM and MM-derived structures, also expression of UE genes (C-RET (Pachnis et al., 1993) and HOXB7 (Srinivas et al., 1999)) and of the epithelial marker E-cadherin (E-CAD) was observed. Eormation of epithelial structures was promoted by RA, in agreement with previous findings (Kim and Dressier, 2005). RT-PCR analysis after an extended differentiation period of 22 days showed the expression of podocyte markers (synap-topodin (SYNPO), NPHSl, and WTl), PTC markers (AQPl 

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