7-Proteobacteria

High-potential iron-sulfur proteins (HiPIP) form a family of small (—6-10 kDa) soluble electron transport proteins originally only found in photo synthetic representatives of the proteobacteria (for reviews,... 

The Rieske clusters observed in cytochrome be complexes from traditional sources (i.e., mitochondria, proteobacteria, plastids, and cy-... 

RCII may subsequently have been transformed into RCI by formation of the Fx cluster and eventually the capturing of a soluble 2[4Fe-4S] protein as an RC-associated subunit. These additions would have allowed electrons to leave the space of the membrane and serve for reductive processes in the dark reactions of photosynthesis. Our present knowledge concerning distribution of HiPIPs among species indicate that this electron carrier would have been invented only lately within the branch of the proteobacteria. Tbe evolutionary driving... 

Bacteria have been isolated using reduced anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (HjAQDS) as electron donor and nitrate as electron acceptor (Coates et al. 2002). The organisms belonged to the a-, p-, y-, and 5-subdivision of the Proteobacteria, and were able to couple the oxidation of H AQDS to the reduction of nitrate with acetate as the carbon source. In addition, a number of C2 and C3 substrates could be used including propionate, butyrate, fumarate, lactate, citrate, and pyruvate. 

Anders H-J, A Kaetzke, P Kampfer, W Ludwig, G Fucbs (1995) Taxonomic position of aromatic-degrading denitrifying pseudomonad strains K 172 and KB 740 and their description as new members of the genera Thauera, as Thauera aromatica sp. nov., and Azoarcus, as Azoarcus evansii sp. nov., respectively, members of the beta subclass of the Proteobacteria. Int J Syst Bacterial 45 327-333. 

Macy JM, S Rech, G Auling, M Dorsch, E Stackebrandt, LI Sly (1993) Thauera selenatis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the beta subclass of Proteobacteria with a novel type of anaerobic respiration. Int J Syst Bacteriol 43 135-142. 

Janssen PH, PS Yates, BE Grinton, PM Taylor, M Sait (2002) Improved cultivability of soil bacteria and isolation in pure culture of novel members of the divisions Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. Appl Environ Microbiol 68 2391-2396. 

Ansede JH, PJ Pellechia, DC Yoch (2001) Ansede JH, PJ Pellechia, DC Yoch (2001) Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of [l- C]dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and [l- C]acrylate metabolism by a DMSP lyase-producing marine isolate of the a-subclass proteobacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 67 3134-3139. 

G. A. Kowalchuk, J. R. Stephen, W. DeBoer, J. 1. Prosser, T. M. Embley, and J. W. Woldendorp, Analysis of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria of the beta subdivision of the class Proteobacteria in coastal sand dunes by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and sequencing of PCR-amplified I6S ribosomal DNA fragments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 6.1 1489 (1997). 

Immuno-histochemical staining of intracellular bacteria in filarial nematodes has been obtained using antibodies against GroELand catalase (Henkle-Duhrsen etal., 1998 Hoerauf etal., 1999) the specificity of these antibodies is unknown, but it is expected to be low because both GroEL and catalase show high level of amino acid conservation throughout the proteobacteria. nd = not done. 

The most intimate of the bacterial-nematode associations involves Wolbachia, a genus of rickettsia-like, alpha proteobacteria found in obligate intracellular association with a wide variety of arthropods, and a now well-characterized association with B. malayi and Dirofilaria immitis (Chapter 2). Although not formally identified as Wolbachia, the presence of rickett-sia-like organisms has been observed, principally in the reproductive tracts of Globodera females (Shepherd et al., 1973) and males (Walsh et al., 1983) and in Heterodera larvae (Endo, 1979). 

Their activities in desulfurization lead to a hybrid process, protected under the title of Method for electrobiologically desulfurizing petroleum [143], awarded to the Marine Biotechnology Institute by the Japanese Patent Office [143], This method is based on contacting anaerobic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria with petroleum under anaerobic condition or microaerophilic conditions. The bacteria used belonged to Proteobacteria or Thiomicrospira bacteria. 

Activated sludge samples from the anoxic and aerobic zones of a laboratory-scale modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE) system, Proteobacteria, and total Eubacteria... 

B. Fodor, G. Rakhely, A. T. Kovdcs, K. L. Kovacs (2001) Transposon mutagenesis in purple sulfur photosynthetic bacteria Identification of hypF, encoding a protein capable to process [NiFe] hydrogenases in a, p and y subdivision of proteobacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 67 2476-2483... 

Gonzalez JM, Kiene RP, Moran MA (1999) Transformation of sulfur compounds by an abundant lineage of marine bacteria in the a-subclass of the Proteobacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 65 3810-3819... 

C2g isoprenoids Phytol All frans-retinal Photoautotrophs Proteobacteria... 

Group 2. The periplasmic and membrane-bound NiFe(Se) hydrogenases in the Proteobacteria... 

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