Protein synthesis aminoglycosides

Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis Aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, macrolides, tetracyclines, streptogramins, linezolid... 

Figure 7.14 Aminoglycosides inhibit protein synthesis. Aminoglycosides bind to either the SOS or SOS ribosomal subunits of bacterial ribosomes. They allow messenger KNA to form an initiation complex with the ribosome, then destroy the mRNA.

Antibacterial drugs that inhibit protein synthesis aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolldes and chloramphenicol... 

Inhibition of protein synthesis (aminoglycosides, phenicols, lincosamides, macrolides, streptogramins, pleuromutilins, tetracyclines)... 

The aminoglycosides exert their bactericidal effect by blocking a step in protein synthesis necessary for bacterial multiplication. They disrupt the functional... 

Spectinomycin (Trobicin) is chemically related to but different from the aminoglycosides (see Chap. 10). This drug exerts its action by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis. Spectinomycin is used for the treatment of gonorrhea... 

Urease assay. When Proteus mirabilis grows in a urea-containing medium it hydrolyses the urea to ammonia and consequently raises the pH of the medium. This production of urease is inhibited by aminoglycoside antibiotics (inhibitors of protein synthesis Chapter 8). In practice, it is difficult to obtain reliable results by this method. 

Protein synthesis inhibitors Chloramphenicol Tetracyclines Macrolides Lincosamides Aminoglycosides... 

Other key classes of antibacterials include the tetracyclines (Aureomycin, Terramycin), macrolides (erythromycin, Zithromax, Biaxin), and aminoglycosides (streptomycin, amikacin, neomycin). These antibacterials are protein synthesis inhibitors. 

Aminoglycoside a structurally complex antibacterial that works as bacterial protein synthesis inhibitor. 

Inhibition of protein synthesis in microorganisms (aminoglycosides, erythromycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracyclines). 

The aminoglycosides are a closely related family of antibiotics produced almost exclusively by members of the genus Streptomyces and Micromonospora (Table 1.19). Most are polycationic compounds, composed of a cyclic amino alcohol to which amino sugars are attached. They all induce their bacteriocidal effect by inhibiting protein synthesis (apparently by binding to the 30 S and, to some extent, the 50 S, ribosomal subunits). Most are orally inactive, generally necessitating their parenteral administration. 

L A. The aminoglycosides appear to act by binding to various sites on bacterial SOS ribosomal subunits and disrupting the initiation of protein synthesis. The other agents appear to have the capacity to directly inhibit bacterial cell-wall synthesis. 

Piepersberg W, Noseda V, Bock A (1979) Bacterial ribosomes with two ambiguity mutations effects of translational fidelity, on the response to aminoglycosides and on the rate of protein synthesis. Mol Gen Genet 171 23-34... 

Mechanism of Action An aminoglycoside antibacterial that irreversibly binds to protein on bacterial ribosomes. Therapeutic Effect Interferes with protein synthesis of susceptible microorganisms. 

Mechanism of Action An aminoglycoside antibacterial that binds to bacterial microorganisms. Therapeutic Effect Interferes with bacterial protein synthesis. Pharmacokinetics Poorly absorbed from the GI tract following PO administration. Protein binding Low. Primarily eliminated unchanged in the feces minimal excretion in urine. Removed by hemodialysis. Half-life 3 hr. 

Mechanism of Action An aminoglycoside that binds directly to the 303 ribosomal subunits causing a faulty peptide sequence to form in the protein chain. Therapeutic Effect Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. 

Streptomycin and other aminoglycosides inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding... 

The selection of transformed chloroplasts usually involves the use of an antibiotic resistance marker. Spectinomycin is used most routinely because of the high specificity it displays as a prokaryotic translational inhibitor as well as the relatively low side effects it exerts on plants. The bacterial aminoglycoside 3 -adenyltransferase gene (ciadA) confers resistance to both streptomycin and spectinomycin. The aadA protein catalyzes the covalent transfer of an adenosine monophosphate (AMP) residue from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to spectinomycin, thereby converting the antibiotic into an inactive form that no longer inhibits protein synthesis for prokaryotic 70S ribosomes that are present in the chloroplast. 

Chloramphenicol (bacteriostatic interrupts protein synthesis at the ribosome) Macrolides (bacteriostatic interrupt protein synthesis at the SOS ribosome subunit) e.g., erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin Lincomycins (bacteriostatic interrupt protein synthesis at the SOS subunit) Aminoglycosides (bactericidal interrupt protein synthesis at the 30S subunit) e.g., gentamicin, amikacin, kanamycin, neomycin, tobramycin Tetracyclines (bacteriostatic interrupt protein synthesis at the 30S subunit) e.g., tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline... 

Inhibit protein synthesis impairment of Tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, aminoglycosides. 

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