Protein prenylation farnesyltransferase

Yokoyama, K., Zimmerman, K., Scholten, J., and Gelb, M.H. (1997). Differential prenyl pyrophosphate binding to mammalian protein geranylgeranyltransferase-I and protein farnesyltransferase and its consequence on the specificity of protein prenylation. J Biol Chem 272 3944-3952. 

Reiss, Y., Brown, M.S., and Goldstein, J.L. (1992). Divalent cation and prenyl pyrophosphate specificities of the protein farnesyltransferase from rat brain, a zinc metalloenzyme. J Biol Chem 267 6403-6408. 

He, B., Chen, P., Chen, S.Y., Vancura, K.L., Michaelis, S., and Powers, S. (1991). RAM2, an essential gene of yeast, and RAMI encode the two polypeptide components of the farnesyltransferase that prenylates a-factor and Ras proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88 11373-11377. 

The first step of the series of modifications involved in the processing of CAAX-type prenyl proteins occurs in the cytoplasm, catalyzed by either protein farnesyltransferase (FTase) or protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I (GGTase-I). The specificity for either of these two enzymes for the most part depends on the identity of the last amino acid X of the CAAX consensus sequence. When X is serine, cysteine, alanine, or glutamine, the 15 carbon farnesyl group is added to the cysteine catalyzed by FTase and when X is leucine, the 20 carbon geranylgeranyl group is added by... 

RAMI Beta subunit of the CAAX farnesyltransferase (FTase) that prenylates the a-factor mating pheromone and Ras proteins required for the membrane localization of Ras proteins and a-factor homolog of the mammalian FTase (3 subunit... 

Ras superfamily of small GTPases comprises more than 100 different proteins that are involved in many cellular signalling processes regulating among others cell growth and proliferation, cell motility, or vesicle transport. Ras members are expressed with a C-terminal sequence known as CAAX box (where C is a cysteine, A can be any aliphatic amino acid, and X is any amino acid and determines the isoprenyl group to be attached to the cysteine) [5]. This CAAX box is recognized by prenyl transferases (farnesyltransferase... 

---