Protein geranylgeranyltransferase type

Taylor JS et al (2003) Structure of mammalian protein geranylgeranyltransferase type-I. EMBO J 22(22) 5963—5974... 

Zhang, F.L., Moomaw, J.F., and Casey, P.J. (1994). Properties and kinetic mechanism of recombinant mammahan protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I. J Biol Chem 269 23465-23470. 

Stirtan, W.G., and Poulter, C.D. (1995). Yeast protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I overproduction, purification, and characterization. Arch Biochem Biophys 321 182-190. 

The first step of the series of modifications involved in the processing of CAAX-type prenyl proteins occurs in the cytoplasm, catalyzed by either protein farnesyltransferase (FTase) or protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I (GGTase-I). The specificity for either of these two enzymes for the most part depends on the identity of the last amino acid X of the CAAX consensus sequence. When X is serine, cysteine, alanine, or glutamine, the 15 carbon farnesyl group is added to the cysteine catalyzed by FTase and when X is leucine, the 20 carbon geranylgeranyl group is added by... 

S, Q, A, or C, whereas GGTase-I recognizes CaaX boxes with X = L or F. Other prenylated proteins, such as the Rab proteins involved in vesicular transport, terminate in a CC, CXC, or CC(X) , 3 motif these proteins are substrates for protein geranylgeranyltransferase type II (GGTase-II) [3]. In order to be prenylated, Rab proteins must associate with Rab escort protein after geranylgeranylation, Rab escort protein delivers the prenylated Rab to membranes. 

Lane KT, Beese LS (2006) Structural biology of protein farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase type I. J Lipid Res 47 681-699... 

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