Proportional region INDEX

Notice that the carbon black hller reduces the rate of cut growth, but has only a small effect on the power index. Generally, it appears that abrasion occurs mainly in the third region, except when the abrasive track is very sharp. In this case the number of cycles to detach a small piece of rubber becomes small and the abrasion is proportional to the reciprocal of the energy density at break of the rubber compound. 

Using the method described in Sect. 8.3.3.1 to obtain the electric field in a microtube resonator, the device sensitivity can be calculated with the perturbation theory for different modes. This provides more systematic insight into the operation of microtube resonators. First, bulk index sensing is considered. The sensitivity is proportional to the integrated optical field inside the liquid core region over that of the entire space, and can be expressed as72 ... 

The schlieren system of optics is an analytical method that is particularly well suited to following the location of a chemical boundary with time. It is routinely employed in ultracentrifuges and also in electrophoresis experiments, as we see in Chapter 12. Schlieren optics produces an effect that depends on the way the refractive index varies with position, that is, the refractive index gradient rather than on the refractive index itself. Therefore, the schlieren effect is the same at all locations along the axis of sedimentation, except at any place where the refractive index is changing. In such a region, it will produce an optical effect that is proportional to the refractive index gradient. The boundary between two layers is thus per-... 

The Kamlet-Taft u polarity/polarizability scale is based on a linear solvation energy relationship between the n it transition energy of the solute and the solvent polarity ( 1). The Onsager reaction field theory (11) is applicable to this type of relationship for nonpolar solvents, and successful correlations have previously been demonstrated using conventional liquid solvents ( 7 ). The Onsager theory attempts to describe the interactions between a polar solute molecule and the polarizable solvent in the cybotatic region. The theory predicts that the stabilization of the solute should be proportional to the polarizability of the solvent, which can be estimated from the index of refraction. Since carbon dioxide is a nonpolar fluid it would be expected that a linear relationship... 

The generation of photoexcited species at a particular position in the film structure has been shown in (6.19) and (6.20) to be proportional to the product of the modulus squared of the electric field, the refractive index, and the absorption coefficient. The optical electric field is strongly influenced by the mirror electrode. In order to illustrate the difference between single (ITO/polymer/Al) and bilayer (ITO/polymer/Ceo/Al) devices, hypothetical distributions of the optical field inside the device are indicated by the gray dashed line in Fig. 6.1. Simulation of a bilayer diode (Fig. 6.1b) clearly demonstrates that geometries may now be chosen to optimize the device, by moving the dissociation region from the node at the metal contact to the heterojunction. Since the exciton dissociation in bilayer devices occurs near the interface of the photoactive materials with distinct electroaffinity values, the boundary condition imposed by the mirror electrode can be used to maximize the optical electric field E 2 at this interface [17]. 

NOTE Publication counts from set of journals classified and covered by Science Citation Index and Social Sciences Citation Index. Articles assigned to region/coun-try/economy on the basis of institutional address(es) listed in article. Articles on fractional-count basis i.e., for articles with collaborating institutions from multiple countries/economies, each country/economy receives fractional credit on the basis of proportion of its participating institutions. 

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