Prolactin assay

STN26 Wong, P.Y., Mee, A.V., Uchimaru, D., Tandory, J. and Nadkarni, S. (1991). Evaluation of Stratus II prolactin assay and comparison with Stratus and Hybritech Tandem-E prolactin assays. Clin. Chem. 37, 1046, Abstr. 649. 

Spencer DH, Dilly K, Jackson R, Price JA, Vallejo R. A totally automated immunoenzymetric prolactin assay designed for the Affinity system. Clin Chem 1990 36 1100. 

The BioPrint collection of ADR associations can also be viewed using clustering. In Fig. 5, the heat map shows a subset of ADRs clustered on the vertical axis versus the assays on the horizontal axis. At the bottom right of this figure, the seemingly disparate ADRs of prolactin increase and torsades de pointes cluster closely together. Further research in literature shows that in fact both of these are well known ADRs of atypical antipsychotics. " ... 

Smith RC, Baumgartner R, Misra CH, et al. Haloperidol. Plasma levels and prolactin response as predictors of clinical improvement in schizophrenia. Chemical versus radioreceptor plasma level assays. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984 41 1044-1049. 

Concentrations of (10-160) X 10-3IU/liter of TSH in blood can be measured. There is no cross-reactivity with hLH, hFSH, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, or hCG (Fig. 7). TSH in dried blood samples is stable at room temperature for at least 1 month. The mean coefficients of variation were 12.1% (within assay) and 14.0% (between assays). A good correlation... 

In order to assess pituitary function, inclusion of the LHRH stimulation test for LH and FSH is recommended in male rats and female rats, and the mono-iodo-tyrosin (MIT) stimulation test for prolactin secretion is recommend at least for the female animals. Pituitary content of LH, FSH and prolactin should always be determined at autopsy (half of the pituitary for hormone assays and the other half for histology). 

The optimal RIA parameters of the talc-resin-TCA test also apply to iodohormones used in bioassays and radioreceptor assays (RRA). The talc and TCA testing has been used to monitor the degradation of I-la-beled hormone used with prolactin, insulin, and growth hormone receptors. Strict adherence to the limits of >90% talc adsorption, <25% resin binding, and >90% TCA precipitation provides a rigorous quality control for the presence of bioactive and receptor-affinitive monomeric iodohormone. 

Franks S, Setli J, et al. Assays for prolactin Guidelines for the provision of a clinical biochemistry service. Ann Clin Biochem 1986 23 638-51. 

Kahan I, Papanastasiou-Dimandi A, D Costa M, Diamandis E. A time-resolved immunofluorometric assay for the measurement of prolactin in serum. 

Mansbach L, Kolz K, Giga M. Development of a solid phase prolactin immunoradiometric assay. Clin Chem 1988 34 1224. 

Shiu R, Kelly P, Friesen H. Radioreceptor assay for prolactin and other lactogenic hormones. Science 1973 180 968-71. 

Tanalta T, Shiu RP, Gout PW, Beer C% Noble RL, Friesen HG. A new sensitive and specific assay for lactogenic hormones Measurement of prolactin and growth hormones in human serum. J Clin Endocrinol Me tab 1980 51 1058-63. 

Several assays, such as the ultra-sensitive luminescent ELRA developed by Seifert (2004) with a detection limit of 20 ng L-1 for 17 (3-estradiol, have been reported in the literature. Although these assays are simple to use, many factors, such as differences in culture conditions, cell density or cell-line clones, affect the potency of estrogenic substances, and that makes the standardization of these methods difficult. The induction of several proteins or enzyme activities (e.g. the increasing levels of alkaline phosphatase, cathepsin D, prolactin and vitellogenin as a consequence of progestogens) has also been used to study estrogenicity. However, expression of these proteins or enzyme activities is restricted to specific cell lines and cannot be extrapolated to other tissues or species. 

Luteinizing hormone assay Mammography Obstetric ultrasonography Papanicolaou smear Phenylketonuria test Pregnancy tests Pregnanediol Progesterone assay Prolactin... 

The prolactin immunoassay results shown in Table 2 demonstrate the ability to miniaturize HTRF assays. The recommended volume of 300 pL was used in the 96-well plate. This was reduced to 75 pL for the 384-well assay. The result of most importance is the ratio. For every prolactin standard, the ratio in the 384-well is the same as in the 96-well. It should also be noted that although the volume in the 384-well was only 25% of the 96-well, the fluorescent counts were 50%. This results from the difference in the ratio of the liquid column height to volume of the two plates. This presents the possibility that an optimized microplate geometry will allow a degree of miniaturization with HTRF that is not possible with other labels. 

Various other stimuli have been shown to activate the STATs in neutrophils. Amongst them, prolactin was shown to promote the tyrosine phosphorylation of STATl, and to induce the formation of a specific GAS-binding complex in EMSA [63]. The nature of the complex remains uncertain, as supershift assays were inconclusive a probable reason for this outcome is that neutrophil extracts were prepared using a detergent-based kit [63]. Nevertheless, prolactin rapidly induced the expression of SOCS-2 and IRF-1 in neutrophils... 

Jarry, H., S. Leonhardt, C. Gorkow, and W. Wuttke. 1994. In vitro prolactin but not LH and FSH release is inhibited by compounds in extracts of agnus-castus Direct evidence for a dopaminergic principle by the dopamine receptor assay. Exp. Clin. 

Riley (1940). Assays were made of a large number of pituitary specimens, but only a few individual values were recorded. Acetone powder of the pituitary samplers was prepared, and the activity of the tissue was expressed as milligrams of powder equivalent to 1 pigeon crop unit. No obvious (iorrelation was found between age, sex, and the prolactin potency, the children s hypophyses like those of all adult classes showing values of 0.5-2.0 mg of powder equivalent to 1 pigeon crop unit. 

The exteiiHive research work by these investigators includoH sufficient assays to permit evaluation of the eorrelation between age and prolactin pituitary activity in several animals. 

The study by Reece and Turner (1937) included assays of more than 300 hypophyses. The reported values (summarized in Table XVI) show a tenfold higher concentration of prolactin in the gland of (jalves than in the pituitary of fetuses, this observation being in contrast to the findings... 

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