Processing applications welding

The 3D inspection system has a number of measuring and report utilities that enables the user to easily find, analyse and report possible indications in the test object. As an example, a moveable 2D projection view plane can be moved along e.g, the welding geometry dynamically updating the content of the 2D projection view window. Indications can be measured using any referenee co-ordinate system and the results and screen dumps can automatically be dumped in report files suited for later import into a word processing application. 

Welded, sized, heat treated Weld is flush on OD and ID by cold working Many general process applications Minimum per applicable standard Eddy current and air under water Not normally used... 

Because of the cost of the equipment and the nature of the process, applications for dielectric welding are generally high-volume, commodity-type articles of... 

For process applications which require a lining that will resist harsh chemicals usually one of the fluoropolymers is selected. Since these linings are expensive, representing approximately 80% of the cost of the vessel, a fabricator must be selected that is experienced and knowledgeable in the handling, welding, and forming of the specific fluoropolymer sheet. 

Alloy C-22 resists the formation of grain boundary precipitates in the weld-heat-affected zone. Consequently, it is suitable for most chemical process applications in the as-welded condition. 

TABLE 3.10 Overview and evaluation of the welding processes applicable for aluminum... 

HASTELLOY alloy B-2—An improved wrought version of HASTELLOY alloy B. Alloy B-2 has the same excellent corrosion resistance as alloy B, but with improved resistance to knife-line and heat-affected zone attack This alloy resists the formation of grain-boundary carbide precipitates in the weld heat-affected zone, thus making it suitable for most chemical process applications in the as-welded condition. Alloy B-2 also has excellent resistance to pitting and stress-corrosion cracking it is particularly well suited for equipment handling hydrogen chloride gas. and hydrochloric, sulfuric, acetic, and phosphoric acids. 

S.B. Dunkerton, Diffusion bonding—Process and applications. Welding and Metal Fabrication, 59(3) (1991) 132-136. 

It is particularly in the serial inspection of castings, that radioscopy constitutes state-of-the-art when applied in conjunction with systems for image intensification, digital image processing and automatic image evaluation. For the examination of welds, however, standardization is still non-existent, thus rendering more difficult the application of this inspection technique.As a consequence the approval procedures of the respective supervisory or certification boards are often complicated and of necessity set up for each individual case. 

Surface preparation may be required to remove oxides, moisture, grease, etc. Prior to welding they are removed by mechanical, pickl or degreasing processes, the application of which canbe an addedsouree of variability. 

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