Process parameters static reactor

In Equations 2.9 and 2.10, the enthalpy of evaporation used is the specific enthalpy of evaporation, expressed in kjkg 1. These expressions only give the amount of solvent evaporated, which is a static parameter. They give no information about the vapor flow rate, which is related to the dynamics of the process, that is, the reaction rate (see Section 9.4). This aspect is discussed in the chapter on technical aspects of reactor safety. 

An exothermic first-order reactive system in a sequence of jacketed CSTRs is considered. Several alternative process designs are constructed and studied with respect to their static and dynamic controllability properties to multiple and simultaneous process disturbances. The same system has been studied by numerous researchers (Ref 14, 15, 44) and served as an illustrative example of process design and control interactions. The reaction is carried out in either a single reactor or two reactors in series (Fig. 1). The dynamic model (see Ref 14, 15) contains four state variables per reactor namely the reactor s volume, concentration and temperature and the jacket temperature. Model parameters for the system are shown in Table... 

In the case of lumped processes, hybrid model design focuses on reducing a complex set of static relationships with mat r fit parameters by overall fiizzy sub-models. These sub-models can be derived from measurements. A polymer reactor has been used as an example. In the liquid phase reactor, which is ideally stirred, monomer reacts to polymer by means of a single site metallocene catalyst. The inputs of the reactor are listed in Table 30.2 the load Fin, the hydrogen fraction of the feed xh2, the activated catalyst fraction Xc,a, the non-activated catalyst fraction Xc,na, the monomer fraction and the jacket temperature 7 adfe,. The most important outputs are the molecular weight distribution MWD (or q, the chain termination probability which is inversely proportional to MWD) and the conversion or (feed mass fraction conversion). The model is described in detail by Roffel and Betlem (2003). The requirements for the model of this reactor are ... 

Another important parameter of the oxidation process is the ratio of the reagents, i.e., of oxidized hydrocarbon and oxygen. Changing the propane-to-air ratio from 1 20 to 1 0.5 results in a nearly twofold increase (from 47.6% to 85.5%) in the selectivity of formation of liquid oxidation products in a static isothermal reactor at P = 30 atm and T = 275 °C, mainly due to an increase in the yield of alcohols and acetone (Table 10.14). 

---