Mass integration process

Branches of Process inte ation Mass Integration and Energy Integration... 

The theory and application of process integration for pollution prevention will be the focus of the rest of the book. Special emphasis is given to mass integration techniques. As has been mentioned in the previous section, pollution prevention... 

Application of Mass Integration to Enhance Yield, Debottleneck the Process and Reduce Wastewater In an Acrylonitrile an Plant... 

Aciylonitrile production has increased from 3.9 kg/s to 4.6 kg/s, which corresponds to an 18% yield enhancement for the plant This production increase is a result of better allocation of process streams the essence of mass integration. For a selling value of 0.6/kg of AN, the additional production of 0.7 kg AN/s can provide an annual revenue of 13.3 million/yr ... 

The last two decades have been characterised by intensified research in the area of mass integration in chemical processes. This is a direct result of the ever-tightening... 

The yields of r-process nucleosynthesis species are obtained by application of an extensive nuclear reaction network code that consists of 4000 species. The mass-integrated abundances from the surface (zone 1) to the zones 83 (a), 92 (b), 95 (c), 98 (d), 105 (e), and 132 (f) are compared with the solar r-process abundances in Fig. 1. A solar r-process pattern for A>130 is naturally reproduced in cases c-f, while cases a-b fail to reproduce the third abundance... 

The products of these transformations are pseudo enantiomers differing in absolute configuration and in mass, integration of the MS peaks and data processing affording the ee or E values. Any type of ionization can be employed, but electrospray ionization (ESI) is used most commonly [20,33-35]. An internal standard is advisable if it is necessary to determine percent conversion. The uncertainty in the ee value is less than 5%. In the original version about 1000 ee values could be measured per day [20a], but this has recently been increased to about 10 000 sam-... 

In addition to mass integration, the reforming process, Eqs. (1) and (2), which overall is endothermic, is energetically coupled to the exothermic oxidation reactions, Eqs. (3) and (4). Thus, the heat required for the generation of hydrogen is provided. 

Have mass integration possibilities been evaluated Are mass exchange networks (MEN) in place in the flowsheet MEN synthesis has been addressed in the book by El-Halwagi,9 and application of this method to water management has been addressed in a paper by Liu et al.10 These aspects should be looked at carefully during the process synthesis stage, as they offer considerable scope for solvent or MSA reduction. 

Fleat and mass integration Sustainability analysis Safety analysis Linking of business decisions and process design... 

In this chapter, emphasis is placed on the former approach of pinch technology. It is noteworthy that the mass integration concept incorporates the use of both approaches. Also, a notable work that combines the three approaches of hierarchical design via process simulation using the Aspen Plus commercial simulator, pinch technology, and mathematical programming is that of Dantus and High. ° ... 

Crystallizer (recycle and) purge streams (almost pure water) reuse (through mass integration techniques) the purged water elsewhere in the process... 

Mass integration is properly defined as the use of materials that would otherwise be wasted, analogous to the notion of heat integration, which is the use of heat that would otherwise be wasted. Three tools are available for determining process configurations that result in mass integration ... 

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