Pretreatment, oily water

Pretreatment. Minimizing the degree of oil contamination in produced water starts with the crude oil emulsion treating system. It is possible to economically operate an emulsion treating system to produce a low bs w. (basic sediment and water) oil at the expense of exceptionally oily water. 

Total Organic Carbon (TOC). A standard method for TOC analysis (1) was modified by a special procedure for preparation of oily waste-water samples prior to the analysis. Two methods of oily water pretreatment were tested and used. In one method oily water samples were dispersed by mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration in an ultrasonic bath. The other method involved ultrasonic dispersion of oil in water by means of an ultrasonic probe (2). The best results in terms of emulsion stability and reproducibility were obtained using the ultrasonic probe method (Table I). 

The oily water sewer that also accommodates process condensates after desired pretreatment. 

A modular pilot size plant involving coagulation/flocculation, centrifugation, ultrafiltration, and sorption processes was designed and constmeted by Benito et al. [13] for the treatment of oily wastewaters. Empirical equations developed by Shaalan [65] predict the impact of water contaminants on flux decline. These formulae enable decision-making concerning a suitable water pretreatment scheme and also selection of the most appropriate cleaning cycle. 

These results can be utilized to optimize surfactant systems in detergents, and in particular to improve the removal of oily soils. The formation of microemulsions is also described in the context of the pretreatment of oil-stained textiles with a mixture of water, surfactants and cosurfactants. ... 

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