Pressure-volume-temperature data

The terms p, T, and v are characteristic reducing parameters which may be obtained by fitting pressure-volume-temperature data (density, thermal expansion coefficient, and thermal pressure coefficient) for each pure component in the mixture (3,12). Values of p, v, and T are given in Tables I and II. 

The fugacity coefficients in Equation (7.29) can be calculated from pressure-volume-temperature data for the mixture or from generahzed correlations. It is frequently possible to assume ideal gas behavior so that = 1 for each component. Then Equation (7.29) becomes... 

Zoller, P. and Walsh, D.]., Standard Pressure-Volume-Temperature Data for Polymers, Technomic Publishing Co., Inc., Lancaster, PA, 1995... 

The pure polymer data base contains pressure-volume-temperature data. The data were first entered into a spreadsheet file in the form given by the author. The data were then converted to standard SI units and written to an ASCII file in the standard format developed for these files. 

To calculate the properties of each gas in a mixture of gases To calculate molar masses from mass data along with pressure, volume, temperature data, and to use the molar masses thus calculated to enable calculation of molecular formulas from empirical formulas... 

Even if we cannot see how to solve this problem completely at first glance, we can tell immediately that the empirical formula can be calculated from the percent composition and that the number of moles can be calculated from its pressure-volume-temperature data. 

B(T) does not decrease nearly as drastically as E(T) or G(T) above Tg, but often shows a significant drop (up to a factor of three) when T increases above Tg. Equation 11.26 (developed by Arends [17,18] by analysis of a large amount of pressure-volume-temperature data) provides a reasonable prediction of B(T) for T>(Tg + 30K). In the software package automating the use... 

A 5.00-g sample of gas is contained in a 2.51-L vessel at 25°C and 1. 10 atm pressure. The gas contains 81.8% carbon and the rest hydrogen, (a) What can be calculated from the pressure-volume-temperature data (b) What can be calculated from the mass and the answer to part (a) (c) What can be calculated from the percent composition data (d) What can be calculated from the answers to parts (b) and (c) ... 

Zoller P, Walsh D (1995) Standard pressure-volume-temperature data for Polymers. Tech, Lancaster... 

P. Zoller, D.J. Walsh, Standard Pressure-Volume-Temperature Data for Pdymers, Technomic Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 1995, 69. 

Tables in this chapter contain published pressure-volume-temperature data for amorphous homopolymers. Measurements below the melting temperatures for semi-crystalline materials are not included because of the potentially large variance among samples with differing degrees of crystallinity. Rogers [1] and Zoller [2] have also compiled equation-of-state data for amorphous polymers.

Estimates of equilibrium melting temperatures of PCL crystallites were made, for various binary and ternary systems, with the aid of Hoffman-Weeks plots. The observed melting points of PCL were between 55 ° C and 65 ° C and varied by about 3 °C with changes in from 38 °C to 48 °C. From the melting-point depressions, as a function of composition and pressure-volume temperature data, Kim and Paul estimated equation-of-state parameters. During the course of this study Kim and Paul determined specific volume data for PCL at a series of hydrostatic pressures (Fig.51) [87]. 

Table 4. Pressure-Volume-Temperature Data of Macromolecules ...

Published pressure-volume-temperature data are summarized in Table 2-1, together with ranges of temperature and pressure. 

Some plots of acutal pressure-volume-temperature data for various polymers are given in Figs. 2-1-2-7. Before commenting on the behavior shown, we must give some consideration to the nature of the polymers and the transition points encountered. 

Thermodynamics of Polymer Systems Solid, Molten, and Thermally Softened TABLE 2-1 Polymer Pressure-Volume-Temperature Data... 

Other second-order transitions can and do occur in polymers. The data of Figs. 2-4 and 2-5 provide an example. Here the pressure-volume-temperature data show discontinuities for the solid polymer that cannot be attributed to the glass temperatures [15]. The behavior represents an unknown second-order transition. Incidentally, the shift of this discontinuity with pressure is about 0.016 C/ atm compared to a general range of such shifts of 0.013-0.018°C/atm [12]. 

---