Preparative bioseparations

Displacement chromatography has an enormous potential as a preparative bioseparation technique. In many situations from the mg to the kg scale and beyond the displacement chromatography may theoretically be the most practical, the most economic and the most efficient approach to a given separation problem. However, in order to exploit the full potential of displacement chromatography, suitable displacer/stationary phase systems must become available. This chapter is intended as an introduction to our current understanding of the requirements for systematic displacer design. 

Keywords Preparative chromatography, Simulated moving bed chromatography, Continuous separation technique, Triangle theory, Bioseparation... 

Recently, the straightforward synthesis and easy modification of silica nanoparticles has been demonstrated, making them well suitable for biomedical applications such as bioseparation, cell recognition, bacterium and DNA detection, gene delivery, and so on. Silica nanoparticles are biologically inert, have very low toxicity, and are amenable to surface functionalization with a wide variety of molecules and functional groups [108-111]. In Table 7, the synthetic methods for preparation of silica nanoparticles in polymers are shown. 

The preparation of cotton before it can be woven and subjected to downstream processes such as dyeing involves, amongst other processes, the removal of impurities from the raw cotton in particular, waxes, fats, pectins and proteins. There are a number of environmentally-friendly bioseparation processes that can perform this purification duty, without leading to effluents that do not biodegrade. These can be based upon enzymatic reactions, that are, as pointed out by Yachmenev et al. (2(X)4) rather slow. The aim of their research was to show that the process could be speeded up using active PI methods. 

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