Precautions inert gases

For flammable and/or toxic materials all of the precautions for a pressurized system should be considered. For example, when a centrifuge is pressurized, overpressure protection is required, even if the pressurization is an inert gas. Relieving of the pressure to a closed system or safe location must be considered. 

Many austenitic stainless steels have failed during downtime because the piping or tubes were not protected from chlorides. A good precaution is to blanket austenitic stainless steel piping and tubing during downtime with an inert gas (nitrogen). 

The gas is non-flammable, and is used for inert gas purging. Because it is 1.5 times heavier than air it may accumulate at low level. The general handling precautions are those in Table 9.3. 

Practical experience enables us to emphasize the simplicity and the efficiency of the activation of aldehydes by their conversion into N- -haloalkyl)heteroarylium halides upon treatment with an azine and a thionyl halide. Preparation of these salts requires a minimum of precautions, and a wide variety of solvents can be used. Special glassware and/or the use of an inert gas is not necessary. Tire salts can be reacted under numerous experimental conditions and, in most cases, it is unnecessary to isolate them. Tire flexibility of the method represents an interesting feature for the study of the reactivity of A-(l-haloalkyl)heteroarylium halides and deserves further investigations in this held. Many elegant compromises can be found in a judicious choice of the precursors and of the experimental conditions, and it is possible to design readily a salt suitable for each individual purpose. 

Finely powdered pyrites, especially in presence of moisture, will rapidly heat spontaneously and ignite, particularly in contact with combustible materials [1]. Inert gas blanketing will prevent this [2], Precautions to reduce the self-ignition hazards of powdered pyrites, and the explosion hazards of pyrites-air mixtures in the furnaces of sulfuric acid plants have been detailed and discussed [3], Further studies on minimum moisture content of Portuguese pyrites for safe transportation and storage are reported [4],... 

The analytical use of the alloy to reduce nitrates is usually accompanied by the risk of a hydrogen explosion, particularly if heating is effected by flame. Use of a safety screen and flameless heating, coupled with displacement of hydrogen by an inert gas, are recommended precautions [1]. The explosion was later attributed to gas pressure in a restricted system [2],... 

Storage of monomers and solvents also requires special precautions. The vessels must be specially constructed and be closed with a self-sealing cap through which the distilled contents can be transferred with a pipette or hypodermic syringe under inert gas. The contents should also not come in contact with tap grease. 

The whole procedure can be done on a vacuum line, but is certainly easier and swifter in the open if done on the bench , one must take precautions against the acid (or indeed any other liquid) picking up atmospheric moisture during the processing. (Inert gas blanket or dry-box, p. 5)... 

CA UTION Since F2 is a highly oxidizing and toxic gas, experimenters should familiarize themselves with the precautions necessary for the safe handling of F2. The use of diluted F2 in an inert gas (N2 or argon) is considerably safer than pure F2. The apparatus used for the fluorination consisted of a 20% F2/N2 cylinder, a nitrogen cylinder, two flow meters, a Pyrex glass reactor, and valves made of stainless steel or brass. The cylinders, the flow meters, and the valves were connected with stainless steel or copper tubes. 

Caution Molecular fluorine is a very toxic and corrosive gas. The following reaction should be carried out in an efficient fume hood, and the experimenter should be familiar with the precautions necessary for safe handling of fluorine,s Since molecular fluorine diluted with an inert gas is much safer to handle than pure fluorine,... 

Inerting leads to the possibility of asphyxiation by operating personnel if they were exposed to the inert gas. Strict precautions must be taken to prevent exposure of personnel to inerting atmospheres. 

The dimers are moderately stable in air and can be handled without special precautions. However, extended exposure to air or moisture results in decomposition, and the dimers are best stored refrigerated under an inert gas. All three dimeric complexes are soluble in acetone, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and alcohols. They are less soluble in halogenated or aromatic solvents, with the ethylene complex being the least soluble. 

Handling, Storage, and Precautions air- and C02-sensitive bottles should be stored under an inert gas atmosphere, preferably away from direct light. 1,2-Diaminocyclohexane is harmful by inhalation and contact with skin. May be fatal if swallowed. Incompatible with strong acids and strong oxidizing reagents. 

Handling, Storage, and Precautions the reagent is prepared under inert gas atmosphere at temperatures of —35 °C or below. Upon heating to rt, or exposure to oxygen, the reagent decomposes... 

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