Powers formula

Frequendy, one can display a stopping power formula as shown in Eq. (2.5), in which case the quantity within the parenthesis is called the kinematic factor... 

The basic stopping power formula of Bethe has a structure similar to that of Bohr s classical theory [cf. Eq. (2)]. The kinematic factor remains the same while the stopping number is given hy B = Zln(2mv /7) for incident heavy, nonrelativistic particles. The Bethe... 

Despite the apparent similarity of the Bohr and the Bethe stopping power formulae, the conditions of their validity are rather complimentary than the same. Bloch [23] pointed out that Born approximation requires the incident particle velocity v ze jh, the speed of a Is electron around the incident electron while the requirement of Bohr s classical theory is exactly the opposite. For heavy, slow particles, for example, fission fragments penetrating light media, Bohr s formula has an inherent advantage, although the typical transition energy has to be taken as an adjustable parameter. 

To get more accurate stopping powers, two corrections are added to the basic stopping power formula. One is shell correction and the other is density elfect correction. Including these elfects, the formula will be written as follows [8,9] ... 

The algorithm described above for finding triples may be extended to find higher order relationships, for example, the quartets (four vectors, h, y, and m sum to zero) for which new powerful formulas are being developed by Hauptman (40). However, simple extension of this algorithm does not appear to be optimal, and more research in this area is needed. 

The pump power output iscalculated according to the power formula in Ref. P2 (p.6.5) ... 

Array formulas are undoubtedly Excel s most powerful formulas. With array formulas, you can accomplish things in Excel that you can t accomplish otherwise. This chapter illustrates the point by means of some case studies. 

Intermolecular dispersion energies are calculated as a sum of pixel-pixel terms in a London-type expression, involving the above defined distributed polarizabilities and an overall oscillator strength > Eos To avoid singularities (as before described) due to very short pixel-pixel distances in an inverse sixth-power formula, each term in the sum is damped, as it is shown here for the molecule A...molecule B interaction ... 

Sugiyama, H. Electronic stopping power formula for intermediate energies. Radiat. Eff. 56,... 

The electric power consumption of various electrical components can be determined using the following power formula ... 

---