Pottery classification

Mottran, H. R., S. N. Dudd, G. J. Lawrence, A. W. Stott, and R. P. Evershed (1999), New chromatographic, mass spectrometric and stable isotope approaches to the classification of degraded animal fats preserved in archaeological pottery,. Chro-matogr. A 833, 209-221. 

Mottram H.R., Dudd S.N., Lawrence G.J., Stott A.W., Evershed R.P., New chromato graphic, mass spectrometry and stable isotope approaches to the classification of degra dated animal fats preserved in archaeological pottery, Journal of Chromatography, 1999, 833, 209 221. 

Kennett, D. Sasanian and Islamic Pottery from Ras al-Khaimah Classification, Chronology, and Analysis of Trade in the Western Indian Ocean, Society for Arabian Studies Monograph No.l and British Archaeological Reports, International Series Hadrian Books Oxford, UK, 2004 Vol. 1248. 

From the chemists viewpoint the technique has been pioneered by Kowalski, who has described it very clearly in benchmark papers30 31) reviewed it32), demonstrated that it is equally applicable to the classification of the clays used in ancient pottery and to the identification of oils from spillage incidents 33), and has made his set of computer programs ARTHUR available to the scientific community. Many others, have been active within the area and their work has been comprehensively reviewed by Kryger341 and Varmuza35) who has also described virtually all of the techniques which have been applied. All of these have important features in common ... 

Problem 4.8 Classification of Pottery from Pre-classical Sites in Italy, Using Euclidean and Mahalanobis Distance Measures... 

In Chapter 5, Olin and Blackman explain that differences in the chemical compositions of pottery are caused by both the use of temper and by chemical and mineralogical differences in the source of the clay. Olin and Blackman report on the continuation of their studies of majolica (a common earthenware pottery) from the Spanish Colonial period in Mexico. They used INAA as well as microscopic examination of the minerals to show that majolica produced in Spain could be distinguished from that produced in Mexico. Volcanic temper was present in the ceramics produced in Mexico, and the chemical analysis of these local ceramics suggested different production centers in Mexico. The discovery of a chemically distinct group of sherds added to the typological classifications of this pottery. 

Figure 2. Classification of Pueblo ll Kayenta Anasazi pottery.

Sites of the Hellenistic Period are plentiful throughout the eastern Mediterranean. Under these circumstances, it is understandable that archaeologists will try to learn what they can. They have, in fact, been excavating such sites for almost 80 years. The reports of the excavations deal largely, of course, with such mundane matters as the classification of Hellenistic and Roman pottery, the chronology associated with the wares, questions of provenance, and association with other wares and artifacts. 

Within industry and commerce, terms other than the mineral classifications are common. Ball clay is a type of kaolin particularly suited to the manufacture of ceramics in 2001, 35% of the ball clay produced in the US was used for tile manufactoe, 22% for sanitary ware, 14% for pottery and various ceramics, 6% for refractory materials, 7% for other uses, and the remainder was exported. Kaolinite (which is white and soft) is of great importance in the paper industry for coatings and as a filler of the 8.1 Mt produced in the US in 2001, 36% was consumed in... 

The first classification of ceramic materials was dated by Litzow [4] to around 1800. It was very rudimentary, simply dividing ceramic materials into col-oured/white and porous/dense variants (Fig. 2, page 41). It covered the materials coarse pottery, earthenware, stoneware and porcelain - refractories were not included. 

Screen. An industrial-scale unit for size classification (a sieve (q.v.) is for laboratory use). A screen consists of a wire mesh or a perforated metal plate the usual types are revolving screens (q.v.) and vibrating screens (q.v.). Screen Printing. A decorating method that can be applied to pottery, glassware or vitreous enamelware. The simplest... 

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