Potential Application Areas

The research chemist both in academia and in industry profits from the application of metrics such as mass index (equation (5.1)), environmental factor (equation (5.2)) and cost index (equation (5.3)). Therefore, one purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate how to apply such metrics and what kind of information can be obtained from them. Some of their potential application areas are indicated in Box 5.1. 

To establish the relationship between current liquid propellant applications and the available propellant technology, this paper has been divided into three sections. A section on basic propellant considerations describes the normal parameters used to evaluate propellant candidates and their influence on the propulsion system. Although such considerations have been thoroughly discussed in many previous publications (e.g., Ref. 3), their importance in establishing the basic criteria for propellant system selection requires a limited review in this text as a background aid to the reader. Current liquid propellants and propellant candidates are discussed in a second section in terms of capabilities and limitations as well as potential application areas (the compositions of all propellants discussed are defined in the Nomenclature section at the end of this article). Finally, a section of propellant tailoring illustrates examples of propellant formulation and describes propellant problem-solving techniques. In conclusion, the results of these considerations are illustrated by the current liquid propellant systems. 

A controllable biodegradability, desirable mechanical properties, suitable gas permeability and selectivity would extend the potential application areas of aliphatic polyesters not only in agriculture or in the greenhouse or packaging industry but also as a substitute for human skin. There is a need for such focused studies in the future. 

High performance capillary electrophoresis is one form of free-solution electrophoresis. CE is useful to researchers and analysts working in areas in which traditional electrophoresis is customarily applied (e.g., biopolymer analysis) and also in disciplines not usually associated with electrophoretic analysis, such as inorganic ion analysis. The potential application areas of CE are vast, because this technique can separate a variety of ligates, from inorganic ions up to intact cells, using the same instrumental hardware designed for separations based on different physical-chemical mechanisms. 

This type of system has many potential application areas and is especially suited to... 

Overview of Fuel Cells Capacity and Potential Application Areas... 

Methods of metal modification used in the catalyst preparation have been reported to influence the state of metal, dispersion, concentration of metal, size and surface area. Further more the metal-support interactions, physico-chemical and catalytic properties of the catalysts have also been observed to be influenced by the methods of catalyst preparation. Use of computational and combinatorial methods for catalyst preparation, characterisation and evaluation of catalysts can enhance the possibility of finding new catalytic materials and potential application areas [1-4]. Zeolites and mesoporous molecular sieves are often modified with metals by ion-exchange method, however other methods... 

There are number of potential application areas that have been identified for MIPs all based on their capability to specifically recognize molecular targets affinity separation (Wei and Mizaikoff, 2007), chemical sensors and assays (Qiu et al., 2012 Tokonami et al.. 

It is clear that the various diamond cutting tool formats are largely complementary and, with the development of electrically conductive CVD diamond, the potential application areas of the machining of highly abrasive workpiece materials becomes a reality. 

Potential application areas for the use of biomolecular recognition-based methods (such as biosensors) in process monitoring and control are expansive. For the purpose of this chapter, we will focus on biosensing concepts and applications for the detection of substrates and products of fermentation processes and the monitoring of environmental pollutants. 

Potential application areas include laboratory screening, field screening, or continuous and in situ field monitoring. The cleanup of a hazardous waste site may provide some examples of the scope and kinds of analytical tasks required for environmental applications. Analytical tasks associated with site characterization primarily involve the identification of listed contaminants and mapping of the spatial distribution of the compounds of concern. The diagnostic analytical tasks are best suited to classical laboratory-based methods such as GC, GC-MS, and LC. Screening tasks to determine the... 

Table 6.3 is an illustrative list of various applications in which three-phase slurry reactors are used today and could potentially be used, detailing the system chemistry and process, catalyst types, and application sector of the economy. While this is not an exhaustive list, it is instructive to see the variety of existing and potential application areas of three-phase slurry reactors. Details about these processes may be found from the references cited in Table 6.3. 

Fig. 1 Potential application areas for multifunctional porous silicon at the interfaces between oral hygiene, cosmetics, and pharmaceutics...

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