Potassium titanate fiber

Finally, there are potassium titanate fibers that are produced by heating titanium dioxide and potassium carbonate in a furnace to produce whisker-like short fibers, about 0.5 xm in diameter and 50 xm or more in length. Potassium... 

Halberstadt, M.L Mansfield, J.A. Rhee, S.K. Effect of potassium titanate fiber on the wear of automotive brake linings. International Conference on Wear of Materials, St. Louis, MO, Jul 2-6, 1977. 

Ogino S, Yasuno T, Koseki M, Tsuda Y and Kazama M (1989) Food hygienic quality of potassium titanate fibers used as filter aid. Ann Rep Tokyo Metr Lab P.H. 40 202- 208... 

Nowadays, in place of asbestos, fibrous reinforcements are used that include glass fiber, steel fiber, aramid fiber, potassium titanate fiber, etc. Since these fibrous reinforcements have their own specific properties, in practice, a mixture of them is used. Potassium titanate fiber is a hard inorganic fiber. It can improve the strength, the heat resistance and the wear resistance of the fiietion material. In addition, it can enhance the friction coefficient of the friction material through its abrasive property. 

Potassium titanate fiber K20(Ti02) n. in wherein n = 4—7. Highly refined, single crystals, approximately 6 pm long by 0.1 p m in thickness, used as reinforcing fibers in thermoplastic composites. The fibers melt at 1370°C density is 3.2g/cm. They also act as white pigments. 

Potassium titanate fibers are similar to a whisker in many respects, but they are grown in more conventional equipment. Titanium dioxide and potassium carbonate are usually heated in a furnace to crystallize fibers that are a beautifully uniform size with diameters near 0.5 X and lengths of 50 i or more. They are very strong and make ideal reinforcing agents for plastics and similar applications. Unfortunately their safety record is not good and they are no longer manufactured in the United States. However, they were available from Japan even after manufacture was discontinued in the United States. 

Tipersul [Du Pont]. TM for fibrous potassium titanate, crystalline fibers 1 micron in diameter melting at 1371C, useful to 1204C. 

Potassium titanate whiskers were found to improve the tribological properties of NAO friction materials. These soft, synthetic refractory materials stabilize friction level, reduce pad wear, noise, fade, thermal conductivity, control porosity, and provide thermal reinforcement. Fibrous potassium titanates are being replaced by platelet and powder versions because of health concerns associated with respirable fibers. 

In order to develop a beneficial application for fly ashes, automotive brake lining friction composites have been developed. These are based on phenolic resin, aramid pulp, glass fiber, potassium titanate, graphite, aluminum fiber and copper powder, in addition to fly ash. ... 

Additives used in final products Fillers calcium silicate, carbon fibers, glass fibers, graphite flakes, mica, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, titanlun dioxide Plasticizers pentaerythrltotetrabenzoate ester Antistatics fatty quaternary ammonium compounds, potassium titanate whisker Release fatty acid amide, p-tallow toluenesulfon-amlde, pentaerythrltol tetrastearate, polyolefin ... 

Sodium calcium polyphosphate fibers performed similarly to asbestos in phenol formaldehyde resins. It did not compare well to potassium titanate in polyester resins. [Ca(P03)2]n fibers, being developed by Abe in Japan, should perform much as potassium titanate, but without the hazards. 

Some very questionable results were obtained. One of the more interesting results was the fact that tumors were not confined to the pleural cavity, but developed at sites far removed from the trachea and lungs in many cases. Three substances tested that have a long history of causing tumors in animals were amosite, crocidolite, and potassium titanate. The amphibole crocidolite and potassium titanate showed no tumors, while amosite and fiber glass ranked as the least suspect The results were as presented below. They contradict almost all studies published and the results with respect to phosphate fibers cannot be accepted as reliable ... 

Flame-Retardant Treatments For Wool. Although wool is regarded as a naturally flame-resistant fiber, for certain appHcations, such as use in aircraft, it is necessary to meet more stringent requirements. The Zirpro process, developed for this purpose (122,123), is based on the exhaustion of negatively charged zirconium and titanium complexes on wool fiber under acidic conditions. Specific agents used for this purpose are potassium hexafluoro zirconate [16923-95-8] [16923-95-8] K ZrF, and potassium hexafluoro titanate [16919-27-0], K TiF. Various modifications of this process have been... 

Barium titanate thin films can be deposited on various substances by treating with an aqueous solution containing barium salts and an alkanolamine-modifted titanate such as TYZOR TE (151). In a similar fashion, reaction of a tetraalkyl titanate with an alkah metal hydroxide, such as potassium hydroxide, gives oxyalkoxide derivatives (KTi O(OR) ), which can be further processed to give alkali metal titanate powders, films, and fibers (152—155). The fibers can be used as adsorbents for radioactive metals such as cesium, strontium, and uranium (156). 

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