Tetrachloroplatinate , potassium

The Stock Oxidation-Number System. Stock sought to correct many nomenclature difficulties by introducing Roman numerals in parentheses to indicate the state(s) of oxidation, eg, titanium(II) chloride for TiCl2, iron(II) oxide for FeO, titanium(III) chloride for TiCl, iron(III) oxide for Fe203, titanium(IV) chloride for TiCl, and iron(II,III) oxide for Fe O. In this system, only the termination -ate is used for anions, followed by Roman numerals in parentheses. Examples are potassium manganate(IV) for K2Mn02, potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) for K PtCl, and sodium hexacyanoferrate(III) for Na3Fe(CN)3. Thus a set of prefixes and terminations becomes uimecessary. 

C20-0046. Write the formulas of the following compounds (a) potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) (b)... 

Compounds Ammonium chloroplatinate sodium chloroplatinate platinic chloride platinum chloride sodium tetrachloroplatinate potassium tetrachloroplatinate ammonium tetrachloroplatinate sodium hexachloroplati-nate potassium hexachloroplatinate ammonium hexachloroplatinate... 

Cisplatin Cisplatin, cw-diaminodichloroplatinum (30.2.5.1), is made by reducing potassium hexachloroplatinate by hydrazine to potassium tetrachloroplatinate, which reacts with ammonia to give cisplatin (30.2.5.1) [73-77]. 

Heretofore, the most common method for the preparation of the useful platinum(II) complexes of the type [PtCl2L3], where L is a tertiary phosphine, consisted of the reaction between potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) and tertiary phosphines.1 When trialkylphosphines are used, the reaction usually leads to a mixture of cis- and trans isomers,2 3 and when triaiylphosphines are employed4 only the cis isomers are obtained. The preparation of pure trans complexes by a simple, convenient procedure is highly desirable. 

Caution. Potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) is a known sensitizing agent, and tetra(n-butyl)ammonium hydrogen sulfate is an irritant. All organic solvents used are toxic, and most of them flammable. Inhalation or contact with them should be avoided. Appropriate precautions must be taken, and an efficient hood must be used. 

Potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) [10025-99-7] M 415.1. (20ml7g) between 100° and 0°. Washed wilh ice-cold water and dried. 

An aqueous solution of potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) (1.24 gg, 3 mmol in 10 mL) is filtered into a 50-mL beaker through paper. This procedure removes impurities due to metallic Pt and/or K2PtCl6. Dimethylsulfoxide (0.64 mL, 9 mmol) is added to this solution and, after a gentle hand mixing, the solution is left to stand at room temperature until complete precipitation of yellow needles. The precipitate is filtered, washed with several 5- to 10-mL aliquots of water, ethanol, and diethyl ether, and dried in vacuo for 4 h. The yield is 1.10 g (87% based on K2PtCl4). 

Potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) reacts with allyl chloride in the presence of tin(II) chloride to give [PtCl(jr-C3H5)]4 (equation 279).858 The complex Pt(jr-C3H5)(PPh3)2 can be conveniently prepared by treating Pt(PPh3)3 with C3H5HgCl in benzene solvent at room temperature (equation 280).859... 

Synthesis. The most important starting materials for platinum compounds are potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) [100025-98-6], K fPtClJ, and... 

A 150-mL beaker or Erlenmeyer flask is filled with a solution of 0.566 g (1.36 mmol) of potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II), K.2[PtCl4] (purchased from Aldrich), in 60 mL of water and placed on a magnetic stirrer. A solution of 1.878 g (3.27 mmol) of [ (CeHs P NJCl (purchased from Aldrich) dissolved in 10 mL of ethanol is added dropwise from a 25-mL dropping funnel over a period of 10 min. A pink precipitate appears immediately after addition of the first few drops. After complete mixing, the reaction mixture is stirred at 20-25°C for 15 min. The fine-grained pink precipitate is collected on a Millipore filter (type HV, 0.45 pm other small-pore glass or paper filters can be used as well) or separated by centrifugation, washed three times with 3-mL portions of water, and dried in air at 80-90°C. 

Cisplatin, an anticancer agent used for the treatment of solid tumors, is prepared by the reaction of ammonia with potassium tetrachloroplatinate ... 

The original method1 of preparation of Zeise s salt, K[Pt(C2 H4 )C13 ]-H20, and subsequent modifications thereof2-4 all require either prolonged reaction times (7-14 days) or the use of high pressures. Furthermore, these procedures tend to yield products contaminated with potassium chloride and unreacted potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II). The improved procedure described below, which utilizes tin(II) chloride to catalyze the reaction between ethylene and the tetrachloroplatinate(II),5,6 results in the formation of Zeise s salt of high purity and in high yield within a few hours at atmospheric pressure. 

To 45 ml. of 5 M aqueous hydrochloric acid in a 125-ml. Erlenmeyer flask is added 4.5 g. of potassium tetrachloro-platinate(II) (0.00108 mole). The flask is sealed with a rubber, serum cap and deoxygenated immediately by flushing for 30 minutes with nitrogen or ethylene through a polyethylene tube extending into the solution and attached to a needle inlet, with another needle as gas outlet. (Some undissolved potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) may remain at this stage.) Forty milli-... 

Potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) (K PtCU) contains the square planar PtCl - ion. These planar ions pack in parallel planes, resulting in an unimolecular tetragonal unit cell, D, P4/mmm, a0 = 6.99, and c0 = 4.13A. The PtCl ions, treated as units, half-fill P and O layers with K+ ions filling both T layers, giving the notation 3>2P1/2TOi/2T(t) (see Figure 7.24). The PtCl j unit is in the center of... 

The synthesis proceeds dy reduction of potassium hexachlorplatinate with hydrazine to give potassium tetrachloroplatinate. This is converted to potassium tetraiodoplatinate by treatment with potassium iodide and then reacted with 6 M ammonium hydroxide to give crystals of cisplatin. 

The action of an equivalent amount of the alkyl sulfide on potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) yields the bright yellow trans chloride, while excess sulfide gives the very weakly greenish-yellow cis chloride.112,6,7 Since separation of the two isomers is a difficult and lengthy process, experimental conditions should be chosen so that only one isomer is formed. This is done, as far as possible, in the methods given below for the diethyl sulfide compounds. 

Chatt1 has prepared and investigated this complex and presented evidence to show that the butadiene acts as a bridging group between two PtCl3 units. The present preparation represents a slight modification of his procedure particularly with regard to the control of the acidity of the potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) solution. 

One gram of dry potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) t is dissolved in 15 ml. of 5 % hydrochloric acid. The container is thoroughly flushed with gaseous butadiene and then charged with butadiene to a pressure of 100 cm. The pres-... 

University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio. Financial support of the National Science Foundation and the Petroleum Research Fund administered by the American Chemical Society is gratefully acknowledged. We also wish to thank Engelhard Industries, Inc., for a generous supply of potassium tetrachloroplatinate-(II). 

Similar reactions occurred with potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) and with bis[triphenylphosphane] dichloroplatinum5. 

The platinum(O) compound can be prepared by a method analogous to that of Malatesta and Cariello.2 Powdered potassium hydroxide (0.350-0.400 g., 0.006 mole) is dissolved in 10 ml. of methanol contained in a large test tube (about 1 in. diameter). To this is added triethyl phosphite (2.5 g., 0.015 mole) and a small stirring bar, and then the test tube is placed in an oil bath kept at 75° by a heater-stirrer plate. When the solution in the test tube has reached the temperature of 60°, a solution of potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II), K2PtCl4 (1.24 g., 0.003 mole), in about 20 ml. of water is slowly added with stirring. Immediately or within a few minutes, colorless crystals separate. The crystals are collected on a glass frit, washed with a few milliliters of an ethanol-water mixture (50% by volume) and dried under vacuum for 4 hours at room temperature. Yields vary from 0.45 to 0.58 g. (52-67%), m.p. 114°. Anal. Calcd. for C24H6oOi2P4Pt C, 33.53 H, 7.03. Found C, 31.0 H, 7.00. 

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