Posner test

Posner test This mechanical testing procedure is designed for measuring spatial-visual attention and orientation (M.L Posner et al., 1988). The test persons are required to sit in front of a computer monitor using a cross in the middle of the screen as a fixation point. A square is visible on either side of the cross. In the neutral position, a question mark is displayed as a cue 200 milliseconds before the stimulus (= asterisk) appears in one of the squares. In the valid position, the cue is an arrow... 

Ozdemir V, Kalow W, Posner P, Collins EJ, Kennedy JL, Tang BK, Albers LJ, Reist C, Roy R, Walkes W, Afra P. CYP1A2 activity as measured by a caffeine test predicts clozapine and active metabolite steady-state concen-trationin patients with schizophrenia. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2001 21 398-407. 

Posner, G. H. Oh, C. H. Wang, D. Gerena, L. Milhous, W. K. Meshnick, S. R. Asawamahasadka, W. Mechanism-based design, synthesis, and in vitro antimalarial testing of new 4-methylated trioxanes structurally related to artemisinin The importance of a carbon-centered radical for antimalarial activity. J. Med Chem., 1994, 37(9) 1256-1258. 

Individual difference measures are derived from various reaction time procedures (Hick s, S. Sternberg s and Posner s), and these correlate significantly with ability test scores (for a review see Neubauer 1997). 

One of the best tests for any synthetic methodology is in its application to the preparation of biologically important compounds. Posner et al. recently reported the use of a silyl acetal tether in an IMDA reaction for the preparation of the 2-fIuoroalkyl analog 10 of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin Dj 11 (Figure 10-5) [8]. 

Evidence for the formation of singlet oxygen from Posner was based on chemical trapping. Photolysis of dibenzothiophene sulfoxide in a 90 10 mixture of cyclohexene and acetic acid provided a sample that tested positive for peroxides. After reduction with Nal, 2-cyclohexenol was obtained in 22-34% yield. The authors noted a lack of cyclohexanone and cyclohexene epoxide. This was rationalized as outlined below [97]. 

Benton s visual retention test Buschke s task Associated pair learning test Word list learning test Posner s memory test Dual coding task SM9 battery SMS battery... 

Tests of visual function Preferential looking procedures under controlled conditions using stimuli with different levels of visual contrast to assess visual acuity and contrast sensitivity (Posner, 2001)... 

An understanding of chemical equilibrium requires that students understand reversible reactions and their dynamic nature. In the pre-test and the pre-interview, students had the pre-instructional conceptions that reactions go in one direction and that at least one of the reactants would completely react. The first lesson used experiments (van Driel et al., 1998) resulting in anomalous data. Experiment 1 involved the iron(lII)-thiocyanate equilibrium and was intended to show the presence of unreacted iron(lll) and thiocyanate ions and the incompleteness of the reaction. The use of anomalous data or discrepant events to create cognitive conflict causing students to be dissatisfied with their current conceptions and to adopt a target concept has been advocated by many educational researchers (Posner, Strike,... 

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