Porous Polymer Particles

Porous polymer particles are useful for oral, injectable and implantable devices because they have a long circulation time in the body and are efficient drug, enzyme, and protein carriers, enabling controlled release of such compositions (72). The particles form a porous network capable of retaining large amounts of inert and active substances. 

Such controlled release delivery systems for drugs have a wide variety of advantages over conventional forms of drug administration. Some of these advantages include (72)  

Extensive and tedious filtration may be required in order to remove these larger particles. On the other hand, there may also be significant fractions of fine particles in the particle size distribution which can lead to inadequate loading of drug and also the subsequent release profiles of loaded drugs (72). 

Porous polymer particles are also useful for inkjet receivers. A process for forming polymer particles with aligned pores and controlled narrow particle size distribution has been described. This 

Forming an oil phase by dissolving a pol5mcieric binder in a solvent, 

---

A research group in Lehigh University has extensively studied the synthesis and characterization of uniform macroporous styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer particles [125,126]. In their studies, uniform porous polymer particles were prepared via seeded emulsion polymerization in which linear polymer (polystyrene seed) or a mixture of linear polymer and solvent were used as inert diluents [125]. The average pore diameter was on the order of 1000 A with pore volumes up to... 

Table 13 Physical Characteristics of Uniform Porous Polymer Particles (Mw.i.p = 1.49 x 10, 15% DVB)...

Catechin-immobilizing polymer particles were prepared by laccase-catalyzed oxidation of catechin in the presence of amine-containing porous polymer particles. The resulting particles showed good scavenging activity toward stable free l,l-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical and 2,2 -azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical cation. These particles may be applied for packed column systems to remove radical species such as reactive oxygen closely related to various diseases. 

The production of conventional stationary phases in the form of porous polymer particle is based on suspension polymerization. Namely, the polymerization is allowed to proceed in a solvent under vigorous stirring that assures obtaining particles of the desired diameter. Since the particle size is typically in the range of a few micrometers, no problems with heat transfer are encountered. In contrast, the preparation of monoliths requires a so-called bulk polymerization. A polymer mixture consisting of monomers and porogenic solvent is mixed with an initiator. As the temperature is increased, the initiator decomposes and oligomer nu-... 

C. M. Cheng, F. J. Micale, J. W. Vanderhoff, and M. S. El-Aasser, Synthesis and characterization of monodisperse porous polymer particles. Journal of Polymer Science. Part A, Polymer Chemistry 30, 235-244 (1992). 

C-M. Cheng, Preparation and characterization of monodisperse porous polymer particles, PhD Thesis, Lehigh University, 1991... 

Wu, Y. and R.L. Clark. Controllable porous polymer particles generated by electrospraying. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 310(2) (2007) 529-535. 

Synthesis of porous polymer particles as a seed latex with diameters in the range 2-4 pm and a very narrow size distribution... 

Gokmen M, Du Prez F (2012) Porous polymer particles - a comprehensive guide to synthesis, characterization, functionalization and applications. Prog Polym Sci 37(3) 365- 05... 

X. Yang and J.R. Bennett, Process for preparing porous polymer particles, US Patent 8466206, assigned to Eastman Kodak Company (Rochester, NY), June 18,2013. 

T. Koyama and K. Terauchi, Synthesis and application of boronic acid-immobilized porous polymer particles a novel packing for... 

Cheng Chieh-Min, Micale Fortunate Joseph, Vanderhoff John William, and El-Aasser Mohamed S. Synthesis and characterization of monodisperse porous polymer particles. J. Polym. Set Part. A. 30 no. 2 (1992) 235-244. 

---