Polyurethanes with polyacetal

Polyolefins are not the only polymers which benefit fi om combinations of HALS and UVAs. Polyamides, polyurethanes, styrenics, polyacetal and PVC are just a few examples of polymer systems that can be effectively stabilized with HALS/UVA light stabihzers. Figure 7 Figure 8 illustrate the benefit of using a HALS/UVA stabilizer blend on eolor stability and retention of impact strength in ABS. ... 

Blends or alloys of polyacetals with polyurethane elastomers were first introduced by Hoechst in 1982, who were then followed by other manufacturers. The key features of these materials are their improved toughness with little change in other important properties. There are two aspects with respect to the impact toughness ... 

Essentially nonionic soil-release agents comprise polyesters, polyamides, polyurethanes, polyepoxides and polyacetals. These have been used mainly on polyester and polyester/ cellulosic fabrics, either crosslinked to effect insolubilisation (if necessary) or by surface adsorption at relatively low temperature. Polyester soil-release finishes have been most important, particularly for polyester fibres and their blends with cellulosic fibres. These finishes, however, have much lower relative molecular mass (1000 to 100 000) than polyester fibres and hence contain a greater proportion of hydrophilic hydroxy groups. They have been particularly useful for application in laundering processes. These essentially nonionic polymers may be given anionic character by copolymerising with, for example, the carboxylated polymers mentioned earlier these hybrid types are generally applied with durable press finishes. 

Curing of the acetylenic polyacetals to rubbery polyurethanes could be achieved with any of a number of commercially available diisocyanates, including 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), dianisidine diisocyanate (DADI), and 4,4 -diisocyanatodiphenyl-methane (MDI). The first two diisocyanates were studied most extensively. The reactions were carried out in solution in benzene, toluene, and ethylene bromide, and in bulk. The bulk reaction, which is the only... 

Data have been published dealing with successful applications of HAS in stabilization of other polymers than PO elastomers, styrenic polymers, polyamides, polycarbonates, polyacetals, polyurethanes, linear polyesters, thermoplastic polyester elastomers, polyacrylates, epoxy resins, poly(phenylene oxide) or polysulfide [12]. In spite of their basicity, HAS may also be used for stabilization of PVC. This application includes less basic derivatives of piperidine and 1,4-dihydropyridine [12,13,145,146]. 

Chem. Descrip. Glycerin-1-allylether CAS 123-34-2 EINECS/ELINCS 204-6204 Uses Can be polymerized into polyesters, polyurethanes, polyacetals, and epoxy resins (hydroxyl group) or with acrylates, methacrylates, or styrene (ilyl group) for prod, of PL) rubber and foam printed circuit boards unsat. polyesters used for radiation-resist, coatings copolymers as dispersants for pigments or as corrosion inhibitors Properties Colorless to yish. vise, liq., perceptible odor sol. in water, ethanol, and many org. soivs. dens. 1.07 g/cc vapor pressure 0.004 mbar (20 C) m.p. < C b.p. 245 C (decomp.) flash pt. 135 C pH 7 (5% aq.) 9 /o assay... 

These equilibria are also called exchange equilibria. They occur particularly readily in chains with heteroatoms. Besides poly(dimethyl siloxane), polyamides, polyesters, polyacetals, and polyurethanes can be quoted as examples. Exchange equilibria occur readily in all of these compounds... 

Miyata and Yamaoka [152] used scanning probe microscopy to determine the microscale friction force of silicone-treated polymer film surfaces. Polyurethane acrylates cured by an electron beam were used as polymer films. The microscale friction obtained by scanning probe microscopy was compared with macroscale data, such as surface free energy as determined by the Owens-Wendt method and the macroscale friction coefficient determined by the ASTM method. These comparisons showed a good linear relationship between the surface free energy and friction force, which was insensitive to the nature of polymer specimens or to silicone treatment methods. Good linearity was also observed between the macroscale and microscale friction force. It was concluded that scanning probe microscopy could be a powerful tool in this field of polymer science. Evrard et al. [153] reported coefficient of friction measurements for nitrile rubber. Frictional properties of polyacetals, polyesters, polyacrylics [63], reinforced and unreinforced polyamides, and polyethylene terephthalate [52] have also been studied. 

Polymeric hindered amine light stabilizer is excellent for protection against ultraviolet degradation. Applications include polyolefins (polypropylene, polyethylene), olefin copolymers such as EVA as well as blends of polypropylene with elastomers. Also effective in polyacetals, polyamides, polyurethanes, flexible and rigid PVC, and PVC blends. 

Prevents ultraviolet degradation in polypropylene, polystyrene, ABS, polyurethanes, polyacetals, and polyamides. It provides outstanding long-term stability by a radical trapping mechanism similar to that of hindered phenols. Very effective for articles with a high surface area such as films and tapes. 

In the following data acquisition, the same 163 standard polymer samples used in the former edition were adopted as a set of representative ones utilized in versatile fields, which include representative synthetic polymers [a) polyolefins (homopolymers) (001— 007), b) vinyl polymers with ethylene units (copolymers) (008—015), c) vinyl polymers with styrene units (016—028), d) vinyl polymers with styrene derivatives (029—035), e) acrylate-type polymers (036—049), f) chlorine-containing vinyl polymers (050-059), g) fluorine-containing vinyl polymen (060—066), h) the other vinyl polymers (067—070), i) diene-type elastomers (071—081), j) polyamides (082-090), k) polyacetals and polyethers (091—095), 1) thermosetting polymers (096—106), m) polyimides and polyamide-type engineering plastics (107—114), n) polyesters (115—126), o) the other engineering plastics with phenylene skeletons (127—138), p) sificone polymers (139—143), and q) polyurethanes (144—147)] along with some natural polymers [r) cellulose-type polymers (148-155) and s) the other some natural polymers (156-163)]. 

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