Polyphenols daily intake

It is estimated that the mean total intake of polyphenols in the Spanish diet ranges from 2,590 to 3,016 mg/person/day including polyphenols soluble in aqueous-organic solvents, plus insoluble condensed and hydrolyzable tannins. Fruits and vegetables provide a daily intake of 700-1,000 mg of polyphenols/person/diet a major fraction of this (600 mg/person/day) is associated with DF (Saura-Calixto and others 2007). 

National Academy of Sciences (USA) [11] has recommended a daily intake of at least five servings of fruit and vegetables, particularly citric fruits, carotene-rich fruits and vegetables, and cmciferous vegetables to reduce the risk of both cancer and heart disease scientific research has demonstrated that the presence of dietary fibers and polyphenols in fruits and vegetables reduces the risk of cancer because of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. 

Based on their daily intake [about Ig (5, P)], which exceeds largely that of other antioxidants (vitamin C, 70-100 mg/day vitamin E, 7-10 mg/day P-carotene, 2-3 mg/day), dietary polyphenols may represent an important exogenous defence against the imbalance between prooxidants and antioxidants, that is the oxidative stress. 

Brat P, George S, Bellamy A, Du CL, Scalbert A, Mennen L, Arnault N and Amiot M J. 2006. Daily polyphenol intake in France from fruit and vegetables. J Nutt 136(9) 2368-2373. 

It is quite difhcult to estimate daily phenolic acid consumption because of different nutritional habits of populations or individual preferences. The total intake of polyphenols was estimated at approximately Ig/day and phenolic acids account for about one third (ca. 330mg/day) of this intake. Another independent estimation for phenolic acids was at 200mg/day. Regularly consumed beverages such as wine, coffee, beer, and tea provide a major part of phenolic acids in the diet [61,79,80]. Fruits, fruit juices, and chocolate also constitute a significant part in the diet. Clifford estimates... 

Moreover, numerous studies have been developed on CHD patients. The intake of red grape polyphenol extract - which contains epicatechin, catechin, gallic acid, trans-resveratrol, s-viniferin, rutin, quercetin, p-coumaric, and ferulic acid -improved the endotheUal function in CHD patients. Similar results have been foimd for red grape juice [123]. Hypercholesterolemic patients were asked to consume red grape juice (500 mL/day) and red wine (250 mL/day) for 14 days. Results showed increased brachial artery flow-mediated dilation in both cases. However, increased endothelium-independent vasodilation was observed only in red wine-drinking patients [124]. Similar results and the same conclusions were drawn from a similar study on red grape juice. The daily ingestion of moderate... 

Bakery products, particularly bread, have a significant share in the food guide pyramid for daily food choices recommended by the US Department of Health and Human Services. Therefore, the development of polyphenol-eiuiched bread is an efficient way to increase polyphenol intake. 

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