Polyphenols antiinflammatory activity

Polyphenols, such as quinones, are major components of many traditional herbal remedies which exhibit several beneficial effects, including antiinflammation. For example, Cuellar et al. [105] investigated the topical antiinflammatory activity of extracts from Cassia angustifolia Vahl. and Rheum palmatum, medicinal plants commonly known for their anthraquinonic content, and used in traditional East Asian medicine against different skin disorders. All the extracts significantly inhibited the edema induced by 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TP A) in both single or multiple applications. 

There is the often-overlooked group of polyphenols containing the derivatives of hydro-xycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids such as caffeic, chlorogenic, and gallic acids (Figure 29.8), which occur in food and exhibit certain antioxidant activity. For example, some caffeic acid esters isolated from propolis from honeybee hives showed antiinflammatory... 

This biochemical profile distinguishes these diterpenoids from the antiinflammatory polyphenolics, such as flavonoids occurring in the genus Sideritis, and suggests that medicinal decoctions of these plants are likely to owe any anti-inflammatory activity to more than one bioactive ingredient. 

Tannins are naturally occurring water-soluble polyphenolic compoimds, and it has been reported that they show their anti-HIV activity by inhibiting polymerase and ribonuclease activities of HIV-1 RT. Phlorotannins are tannin derivatives which contain several phloroglucinol imits linked to each other in different ways and formed by the polymerization of phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) monomer units and biosynthesis through the acetate-malonate pathway. So far, phlorotannins mostly have been isolated from red and brown alga. Numerous bioactivities of phlorotannins have been reported up to date such as antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-MMP activities (Kim et al., 2006 Nagayama et al., 2002). 

Apple nutraceutical potential has been acknowledged for a long time some of its skin components have been associated with the prevention of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary function failures, and age-related cognitive decline. Apple peel contains high concentrations of antioxidant polyphenolics, apigenin among them that has been associated with antiinflammatory, antispasmodic, and antioxidant activities. It has been proved to induce apoptosis and to inhibit breast and ovarian cancer [12,13]. Other... 

Proanthocyanidins - These are polyphenol compounds, which possess pronounced antihypoxic, antioxidant and antiinflammatory actions. They have vitamin-P activity. 

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