Polymerization reactions vegetable oils

Autoxidative polymerization n. The reaction of oxygen with fatty acids, oils or other reactive materials to form higher molecular weight polymers (e.g., autoxidative polymerization of vegetable oils and emulsified vegetable oils). Gooch JW (2002) Emulsification and polymerization of alkyd resins. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Pubhshers, New York. 

Uses Determining refractive index of minerals paint diluent dyed hexane is used in thermometers instead of mercury polymerization reaction medium calibrations solvent for vegetable oils alcohol denaturant chief constituent of petroleum ether, rubber solvent, and gasoline in organic synthesis. 

Use Solvent, especially for vegetable oils low- temperature thermometers calibrations polymerization reaction medium paint diluent alcohol denatu-rant. 

Higher concentration and higher temperature can accelerate the formation of the polymer wall, but the reaction rate is also controlled by the reactants diffusion. Some organic solvents like chloroform and toluene were employed to improve the diffusion. But for industry practice, Norpar, vegetable oil, etc., are more environmental friendly and cost effective. Each oil droplet dispersed in the water phase can be treated as a tiny reactor since the interfacial polymerization only happens at the interface between the water and oil. Therefore, the smaller oil droplet size means higher reaction rate. ... 

The polymerisation of styrene with vegetable oils involves free radical initiated polymerisation. A free radical type initiator, such as benzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutryronitrile and ditertiarybutyl peroxide is normally used to accelerate the copolymerisation reaction (Rg. 8.4). Linseed, tung,soybean, sunflower and oiticica oils and dehydrated castor oil (DCO) are widely used in the preparation of styrenated-oil products. " The free radical polymerisation of methyl methacrylate or n-butyl methacrylate, using polymeric oil peroxy initiators from the auto-oxidation of linseed oil, soybean oU, and Unoleic acid has been carried out successfully. 

Products of polymerized vegetable oil acids and polyamines, which are highly branched liquid polyamides, are mixed with phenolic resins to produce a thermosetting composition with a wide range of properties. Cure usually is accomplished in 60 min at 300°F. The reaction involves the condensation between methylol groups and amine groups. 

There are various ways to classify polymers. A simple way is to distinguish polymers with respect to their origin in synthetic and natural polymers. Natural polymeric materials such as shellac, cellulose, and natural rubber have been used for centuries. Natural polymers are a class of polymers derived from renewable biomass sources, such as plants, vegetable oil, com starch, pea starch. Generally, natural polymers (or biopolymers) are used after modification reactions. Some biopolymers are designed to biodegrade. Table 2.1.1 and Fig. 2.1.1 give examples of natural polymers and modified natural polymers. 

Table 22.2 presents the fatty acid composition of the different vegetable oils commonly used in polymerization reactions [4-6]. Additionally, the fatty acid distribution of fish and algae oils are shown. As shown in the table, each oil has a specific fatty acid distribution. Oils from algae, such as microalgae, are raw materials with good perspectives for... 

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