Polymers raw materials

Small amounts of polymer-grade terephthaHc acid and dimethyl terephthalate are used as polymer raw materials for a variety of appHcations, eg, adhesives and coatings. They are also used to make high performance polymers or engineering resins. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) is itself an engineering resin, although one more widely used is poly (butylene) terephthalate, formed by reaction with 1,4-butanediol as the comonomer. 

It has been demonstrated that red oak OSL could be used to replace 35% to 40% of the phenol (or phenolic resin solids) in phenol-formaldehyde resins used to laminate maple wood and to bond southern pine flake boards (wafer-board and/or strandboard) without adversely affecting the physical bond properties. While this pulping process and by-product lignin do not commercially exist at this time in the United States, lignins from such processes are projected to cost 40% to 50% less than phenol as a polymer raw material. 

Future technology ideas enter the technology forming where the basic polymer raw materials would be inserted into a mold. Different monomers could be separately injected into a mold, where they would be subjected to form polymers (Chapter 1). There is also the concept of... 

Cardolite . [Petrolite/Polymers] Raw material for surfactants, antioxidants, anticorrosives lubricant additive ... 

N. Karak, Fundamentals of Polymers — Raw Materials to Finish Products, PHI Learning, New Delhi, 2009. 

Prior to polymerisation and the conversion to a finished product, polymer raw materials normally need to go through a compounding stage. In compounding, the polymer is modified physically and chemically by additives that change its properties. 

Converting the Pollutants into Resources Carbon dioxide is a pollutant of immediate interest, and most operations in the plastics supply chain emit CO into the atmosphere. Emerging research suggests that emissions from industry might be used to produce polymer raw materials ... 

The characteristics of carbon fiber material are influeneed by choices of the initial polymer raw material, eonditions of earbonization and heat treatment, and also by introduetion of certain additives. 

Ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymers are the most important polymer raw materials for hot-melt adhesives. They contain 18 - 45 % vinyl acetate and have melt flow indices of from less than 1 to 2500. The quantitatively most important copolymers contain ca. 30% vinyl acetate and having melt flow indices of 40-400. Ethylene-vinyl acetate... 

Ulrich, H., Raw Materials for Industrial Polymers , Hanser, New York, 1988. As a companion volume to his earlier Introduction to Industrial Polymers , this book describes methods of synthesis of major polymer raw materials, some of the emerging technologies and the relationship of major polymers to basic feedstocks. It also gives consumption figures and prices. 

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