Polymer/inorganic hybrid synthesis

Table 5.2 summarizes the performance of most reported polymer-inorganic hybrid solar cells prepared either by physical filling polymers or in-situ synthesis of polymers in the inorganic nanostructured pores. 

Synthesis of polymer/inorganic hybrids through heterophase polymerizations... 

Aspects on the synthesis of polymers with a core-shell structure obtained from suspension polymerization, which is used in vascular embolization, are described elsewhere [3,12,13]. In this scenario the synthesis of polymer/inorganic hybrids has also been exemplified by our research group [14,15]. As a representative example of embolic agents, magnetic copolymers of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with a core-shell structure have high potential for the treatment of tumors and hyperthermia therapy of injured areas. The implementation of this process is possible by adhering superior control of the reaction system, which will produce particles of similar morphology comparable to the substance precursor. 

J. Bai, J.-B. Pang, K.-Y. Qiu, Y. Wei, Synthesis and characterization of structurally well-defined polymer-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles via atom transfer radical polymerization, Chin.J. Polym. Sci. 2002, 20, 261-267. 

A completely different strategy to synthesize polymer/inorganic hybrid nanoparticles in miniemulsion is the solvent evaporation technique. Instead of a monomer droplet that polymerizes after sonication, a pre-formed polymer is dissolved in an organic solvent such as chloroform or toluene [30], This polymer solution forms the dispersed phase of the miniemulsion. Evaporation of the solvent from the miniemulsion droplets leads to precipitation of the polymer and the formation of nanoparticles. This technique could also allow for the synthesis of hybrid... 

Hybrid framework compounds, including both metal-organic coordination polymers and systems that contain extended inorganic connectivity (extended inorganic hybrids), have recently developed into an important new class of solid-state materials. We examine the diversity of this complex class of materials, propose a simple but systematic classification, and explore the chemical and geometrical factors that influence their formation. We also discuss the growing evidence that many hybrid frameworks tend to form under thermodynamic rather than kinetic control when the synthesis is carried out under hydrothermal conditions. Finally, we explore the potential applications of hybrid frameworks in areas such as gas separations and storage,... 

Figure 5.18 The three-dimensional framework of [ La(H20)5(dipic) La(H20)(dipic) ]2 Mog026 [61a], (Reprinted with permission from J. Lii, et al., A novel piUar-layered organic-inorganic hybrid based on lanthanide polymer and polyomolybdate clusters new opportnnity toward the design and synthesis of porous framework, Crystal Growth and Design, 5, no. 1, 65-67 (Figure 3), 2005. 2005 American Chemical Society.)...

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