Polyelectrolytes dispersants

A major drawback of synthetic thickeners when used with dyes is their sensitivity to electrolytes. Most soluble dyes behave as highly ionised electrolytes and disperse dyes contain anionic polyelectrolyte dispersing agents unless they have been formulated with nonionic systems specifically for use with acrylic thickeners. Consequently there is a loss of viscosity this can be quite pronounced although it depends on circumstances, particularly on the dye concentration. As already mentioned, this can be alleviated to some extent by copolymerisation with acrylamide during manufacture. Otherwise it is necessary to try to eliminate all electrolytes from the system or to increase the concentration of thickener. Such measures have their limitations in practice, however. Alternative synthetic thickening... 

Reichert KH (1997) Polyelectrolytes -Dispersion polymerization of a water soluble cationic vinyl monomer. Polymer News 22 390... 

Type Sodium salt of a carboxylate polyelectrolyte Dispersant for fillers used in carpet backcoatings, dyes, pigments and clays particularly effective with inorganic compounds. 

This is best achieved by the adsorption of an electrolyte (KCI) or polyelectrolyte dispersant (sodium hexametaphos-phate) on the surface of suspended... 

C. Jiang, A. Saha, C. Xiang, C.C. Young, J.M. Tour, M. Pasquali, A.A. Marti, Increased solubility, liquid-crystalline phase, and selective functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes polyelectrolyte dispersions. ACS Nano 7, 4503 510 (2013)... 

Uses Antistat, electroconductive paper coatings, polyelectrolyte dispersant, flocculant acid dye receptive fibers, electrodeposition acrylic coatings... 

A lesser known aspect of Ferroni s scientific activity is his work on stable aqueous suspensions of coal powder and polyelectrolytes dispersed in water, such as Kelzan and Taxad [29]. Ferroni successfully employed such suspensions in the industrial sector. 

Rheological Properties of Polyelectrolyte Dispersions 6.1 Basic Concepts on Reology of PE... 

Uses Antistat electroconductive paper coatings polyelectrolyte dispersant floccu-lant acid dye receptive fibers electrodeposition acrylic coatings water-sol. polymers... 

The interpretation of the relationships obtained here is based on the same principles of polyfunctional interaction between CP and organic ions which are considered in sections 3.1-3.3. The dispersion of CP grains to a certain size (1-10 pm) yields particles retaining the ability of polyfunctional interaction with organic ions. Simultaneously with increasing dispersion, the mobility of elements of the crosslinked structure also increases, which favors additional interaction. Further dispersion of CP (d 0.1 pm) gives so weak networks that the spatial effect of polyfunctional interaction with organic ions drastically decreases similar to linear polyelectrolytes [64]. 

Matsuoka, H. and Ise> N. Small-Angle and Ultra-Small Angle Scattering Study of the Ordered Structure in Polyelectrolyte Solutions and Colloidal Dispersions. VoL 114, pp. 187-232. 

The chemistry of surfactants has been described already. They usually play a subsidiary role in dispersions involved in textile coloration. The polyelectrolytes may be conveniently divided into two categories ... 

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