Polyaniline clay nanocomposites

V. L. Reena, J. D. Sudha, and C. Pavithran, Role of amphiphilic dopants on the shape and properties of electrically conducting polyaniline-clay nanocomposite, J. Appl. Polym. Set, 113, 4066 076 (2009). 

J. D. Sudha, S. Sivakala, R. Prasanth, V. L. Reena, and P. Radhakrishnan Nair, Development of electromagnetic shielding materials from the conductive blends of polyaniline and polyaniline-clay nanocomposite-EVA Preparation and properties. Compos. Sci. Technol., 69, 358-364 (2009). 

Sudha, J.D., Sivakala, S., Patel, K., and Nair, P,R, (2010) Development of electromagnetic shielding materials from the conductive blends of polystyrene polyaniline-clay nanocomposite. Compos. Part A, 41,1647-1652. 

Wide-angle powder X-ray diffraction patterns of organophilic clay, polyaniline and a series of polyaniline/clay nanocomposite materials. 

Q. Wu, Z. Xue, Z. Qi, E Wang, Synthesis and Characterization of PAn/Clay Nanocomposite with Extended Chain Conformation of Polyaniline. Polymer... 

Chang, K.-C., Jang, G.-W, Peng, C.-W., Lin, C.-Y, Shieh, J.-C., Yeh, J.-M., Yang, J.-C and Li, W.-T. (2007) Comparatively electrocherrucal studies at different operational temperatures for the effect of nanoclay platelets on the anticorrosion efficiency of DBSA-doped polyaniline/Na -MMT clay nanocomposite coatings. Electrochim. Acta, 52, 5191-5200. 

Polyaniline-montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared without surface modification of montmorillonite [42]. The polymer nanocomposite was significantly more thermally stable when compared to the pure polymer. Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer-clay nanocomposites apparently thermally degrade by a different mechanism than the pure polymer [43]. These observations are consistent with the above thesis. 

Intercalation of electroactive polymers such as polyaniline and polypyrrole in mica-type layered silicates leads to metal-insulator nanocomposites. The conductivity of these nanocomposites in the form of films is highly anisotropic, with the in-plane conductivity 10 to 10 times higher than the conductivity in the direction perpendicular to the film. Conductive polymer/oxide bronze nanocomposites have been prepared by intercalating polythiophene in V2O5 layered phase, which is analogous to clays. °° Studies of these composites are expected not only to provide a fundamental understanding of the conduction mechanism in the polymers, but also to lead to diverse electrical and optical properties. 

The effect of loading (0.5,1.0 and 2.0 wt%) nanostructured polyaniline (PANI) on the physiochemical, physicomechanical, morphological and thermal properties of soybean oil-based polyester nanocomposites has also been reported. The nanocomposites of conjugated linseed oil, acrylic acid and divinylbenzene are synthesised using modified montmoriUonite clay. The resultant nanocomposites exhibit a storage modulus in the range of 17-79 MPa at the glass transition temperature compared to the pristine polymer which is 2.1 MPa. The nanocomposites show better thermal stability (up to 200°C) than the pristine polymer. 

An alternative to in situ polymerization involves direct intercalation of macromolecules into layered structures. Silicates are most often used. The insertion of polymer molecules into layered host lattices is of interest from different points of view. First, this insertion process leads to the construction of organic-inorganic polylayered composites. Second, the intercalation physical chemistry by itself and the role intercalation plays in the gain of electronic conductivity are of interest. This becomes important in the construction of reversible electrodes " or when improving the physicomechanical properties of nylon-layered silicate nanocomposites, hybrid epoxide clay composites," and nanomaterials based on hectorite and polyaniline, polythiophene or polypyrrole. ... 

Jlassi, K., A. Mekki, M. Benna-Zayani, A. Singh, D. K. Aswal, and M. M. Chehimi. Exfoliated clay/polyaniline nanocomposites through tandem diazonium cation exchange reactions and in situ oxidative polymerization of aniline. RSC Adv. 4, 2014 65213-65222. 

Nanocomposites examined include PP/PP - styrene - butadiene [95], PA - clay [96], dicyanate - clay [97, 98], polypropylene carbon [99], and the following composites polyfuran/poly(2-fluoroaniline) [100], polyvinyl alcohol - cadmium sulfide [100, 101], polyhydroxybutyrate - polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) [102], HOPE - wood flour [103], polyaniline - gold [104] and PU - casein [105]. 

In addition to the synthesis of latexes with high solids content and small particle size, in the past decade, microemulsion polymerization has heen used to synthesize a wide range of materials. For instance, several works have incorporated inorganic materials such as carhon nanotuhes, " ZnO nanoparticles (UV absorption),montmorillonite clay, " and quantum dots (luminescence probes) " to produce nanocomposites. Furthermore, nanogels, " conductive polypyrrole and polyaniline latexes, " " polyurethanes using immiscible monomers, and polymers in water-in-scC02 microemulsions have been also prepared by microemulsion polymerization. 

Hu et al. [55] Polyaniline/decavanadate-intercalated LDH modified (PAni/AD-LDH) The coating containing the nanocomposite offered better protection against corrosion than the polymer and clay coating did... 

In this context, a smdy that evaluated obtaining and characterization of polymeric nanocomposites of polyaniline (PAni) with a variety of montmoriUonite (MMT) clays (Cloisite Na", lOA, 15A, 20A and 30B) was developed by Baldissera and coworkers [122]. The aim of obtaining these nanocomposites is to link the features provided by nanofiller with the characteristics of conducting polymers. 

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