Polyamine transporters

Guminski Y, Grousseaud M, Cugnasse S et al (2009) Synthesis of conjugated spermine derivatives with 7-nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD), rhodamine and bodipy as new fluorescent probes for the polyamine transport system. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 19 2474—2477... 

Specific uptake systems may account for selective localization in tissues, and this may be the explanation for toxic effects in those particular tissues. For example, the herbicide paraquat (Fig. 3.16) is taken up by the polyamine transport system into the lungs and thereby reaches a toxic concentration (see chap. 7 for a detailed description of this system). 

Free energies of solvation in water calculated with the use ofthe SM2/AM1 method were incorporated as independent variables in a predictive model of the structure-function relationship of polyamine transport inhibitors, which affect the maintenance ofthe intracellular polyamine concentrations necessary for cell growth and proliferation [89]. 

Aranda, A., del Olmo, M. (2004) Exposure to acetaldehyde in yeast determines an induction of sulfur amino add metabolism and polyamine transporter genes, which depends on Met4p and Haalp transcription factors, respectively. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 70, 1913-1922. 

Dziarkowska, K., Koprek, K., Wieezorek, P. P. (2008). Studies of polyamines transport through hquid membranes with D2EHPA as a carrier. J. Sep. Sci., 31, 372-9. 

The overall pathways of polyamine metabolism in pathogenic protozoa and helminths seem to be sufficiently different from the mammalian host to afford multiple opportunities for drug intervention. The important features are the long half-life of ODC in kinetoplastids coupled with poor polyamine transport and the apparently unregulated... 

In hypoxia (2% Oj), [ Cjspermidine was prominently locahsed in explanted conduit, muscula-rised, and partiahy muscularised rat pulmonary arteries, which was not evident in normoxic lung tissue (Babal et al. 2000). Hypoxic main pulmonary arterial explants also exhibited substantial increase in [ C] spermidine uptake relative to control explants, and autoradiography revealed that enhanced uptake was most evident in the medial layer. Main pulmonary arterial explants denuded of endothe-hum failed to increase polyamine transport in hypoxia. Conversely, medium conditioned by endo-thehal cells cultured in hypoxic, but not in normoxic, environments enabled hypoxic transport induction in denuded arterial explants. 

Mitchell JL, Judd GG, Bareyal-Leyser A, Ling SY (1994) Feedback repression of polyamine transport is mediated by antizyme in mammalian tissue-culture cells. Biochem J 299 19-22 Murai N, Shimizu A, Murakami Y, Matsufuji S (2009) SubceUular localization and phosphorylation of antizyme 2. J CeU Biochem 108 1012-1021 Murakami Y, Matsufuji S, Kameji T, Hayashi S, Igarashi K, Tamura T, Tanaka K, Ichihara A (1992) Ornithine decarboxylase is degraded by the 26S proteasome without ubiquitination. Nature (Lond) 360 597-599... 

Recent Advances in Bacterial Polyamine Transport Systems... 

In this chapter, recent understanding in bacterial polyamine transport is outlined in addition to the overview of polyamine transporters in E. coli. 

Seven polyamine transporters have been reported in E. coli that can be classified into four groups. 

Bacteria and animals use ornithine decarboxylase in polyamine biosynthesis. However, the transport system for polyamines in bacteria through transporters is different from that of animals through endocytosis (Uemura et al. 2010). Some bacteria and most animals use ornithine decarboxylase for polyamine biosynthesis. However, the polyamine transport systems in bacteria are different from those of animals, which employ endocytosis (Uemura et al. 2010). Therefore, in view of the potential adverse effects that could result from the inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis in human, using an inhibitor of polyamine transport as a drug for prevention and control of pathogenic bacteria is a more attractive chemotherapeutic target than polyamine biosynthesis. 

Igarashi K, Kashiwagi K (2010) Characteristics of cellular polyamine transport in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Plant Physiol Biochem 48(7) 506-512... 

Identification of RMVl/AtLATl as a Paraquat/ Polyamine Transporter... 

Identification of Polyamine Transporter Genes Using Yeast Complementation Analysis... 

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