Poly universal calibration curve

PMMA, on the unmodified porous glass and silica gel, and the universal calibration curves for polystyrenes and poly(methyl methacrylates) did not coincide (10,12,19). 

Figure 3, HDC universal calibration curve (eluant ionic strength L29rriM. AM A monodisperse lattices (O) polystyrene polyvinyl chloride ( ) poly (styrene-...

SEC of tightly cross-linked poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) microgels with molecular masses in the range 10 -10 was measured in DMF containing 7 g L LiBr at 80°C [27]. Molecular mass data obtained using the universal calibration curve was in satisfactory agreement with results obtained by other techniques. The Mark-Houwink equation was as follows ... 

Fig. 26. Universal calibration curve for SEC. Polystsrrene (linear) O polystyrene ( comb ) + polystyrene ( star ) A polystyrene-poly(methylmethacrylate) copolymer (heterograft) x poly(methylmethacrylate) (linear) poly(vinylchloride) V polystyrene-poly(methylmethacrylate) copolymer (graft-comb) Bpolylphenyl siloxane) A polystyrene-poly(methylmethacrylate) copolymer (statistical-linear) n polybutadiene. From Ref 31.

Figure 3.23 The universal calibration curves for polystyrene and poly(vinyl acetate) (94), The number 5 in the x-axis units means that the scale is in siphon counts of 5 cm so that the x-ordinate 30 corres 3onds to an elution volume of 150cm (R. Dietz, private communication, November 1984,) Mr is the peak GPC molecular weight, usually the unknown, Rvalues are close to the geometric mean of M and M .

Figure 3.52. Universal calibration curve of SEC. The plots of M[i ] obtained for poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(ethylene oxide), and polystyrene are on a master curve. The mobile phase was dimethylacetamide. (From Ref. 39.)...

Fig. 3.26 Universal calibration curve for crosslinked polystyrene gels with tetrahydrofuran as solvent %y linear polystyrene 0 branched polystyrene (comb type) +, branched polystyrene (star type) A, branched block copolymer of styrene methyl methacrylate x, poly (methyl methacrylate) poly (vinyl chloride) V, graft copolymer of styrene methyl methacrylate , polybutadiene (reprinted with permission from Comprehensive Polymer Science, copyright 1989, Pergammon Press pic).

Figure 8.14 Examples of the universal calibration curve for GPC. (a) Universal calibration for tetrahydrofuran solution at ambient temperature , linear polystyrene , polybutadiene O, branched polystyrene x, polymethyl methacrylate A, styrene/ methyl methacrylate copolymer , poly(phenyl siloxane). (b) Universal calibration for various types of polyethylene. Solvent, o-dichlorobenzene at 130°C. , linear polyethylene fractions open symbols, branched polyethylene fractions. (From Ref 6.)...

For many polymers K and a values can be found in the Polymer Handbook [23]. In a recent study by Vanhee et al. [30] the universal calibration has been applied using the polystyrene (PS) calibration curve to characterize rigid rod poly(p-phenylenes) (PPP). It turned out that due to its larger persistence length, PPP with a certain mass requires a much larger volume than PS for the same molecular weight. Ron et al. employed universal calibration for the characterization of erodible copolymers [58]. 

Assuming that universal calibration is valid, construct a calibration curve for the molecular weight-elution volume of poly(dimethylsiloxane) in chloroform at 35°C. The MHS constants in chloroform at 35°C may be taken as for... 

Figure 9-19. A universal gel-permeation chromatography calibration curve obtained from measurements on linear poly(styrene) (O), comb-branched poly(styrene) (O ), star-branched poly(styrene) ( ), poly(methyl methacrylate) ( ), poly(vinyl chloride) (a) c -l,4-poly-(butadiene) (A), poly(styrene)-poly(methyl methacrylate) block copolymer (Qj ), random copolymer from styrene and methyl methacrylate O), and ladder polymers of poly(phenyl siloxanes) ( ) (according to Z. Grubisic, P. Rempp, and H. Benoit).

The second calibration curve (deduced from universal calibration, figure 3) presented in this section can appear as illogical, being based on a closed loops reasoning. However, its only objective is to provide a calibration procedure indqjendent of the stability of polysilane standards. This is achieved by the pseudo-Mark-Houwink relationship (equation 5). This latta equation gives also the possibility to everyone to calibrate a GPC for poly(methylphenyl)silane on the basis of PS standards only. 

---