Poly-p-phenylene sulphide

The polymers which have stimulated the greatest interest are the polyacetylenes, poly-p-phenylene, poly(p-phenylene sulphide), polypyrrole and poly-1,6-heptadiyne. The mechanisms by which they function are not fully understood, and the materials available to date are still inferior, in terms of conductivity, to most metal conductors. If, however, the differences in density are taken into account, the polymers become comparable with some of the moderately conductive metals. Unfortunately, most of these polymers also have other disadvantages such as improcessability, poor mechanical strength, instability of the doped materials, sensitivity to oxygen, poor storage stability leading to a loss in conductivity, and poor stability in the presence of electrolytes. Whilst many industrial companies have been active in their development (including Allied, BSASF, IBM and Rohm and Haas,) they have to date remained as developmental products. For a further discussion see Chapter 31. 

Cyclohexa(p-phenylene sulphide) (CHPS) was studied as a precursor of poly(p-phenylene sulphide) (PPS). The FTIR and Raman spectra of CHPS were found to resemble those of amorphous PPS closely. Specific modes indicative of the crystal structure and band shifts were reported. A crystal structure change in CHPS which was induced by pressure or heat was identified. Polymerisation of CHPS was carried out and the polymerised CHPS showed a slightly higher crystallinity than that of commericial low molecular weight PPS with minimal branching. 23 refs. 

Measurements of the frequency and temperature dependence of the H T, in poly(dimethyl siloxane) revealed relaxations due to methyl rotation and segmental motions and also an oxygen impurity effect The experimental data could not be fitted using thermally activated Arrhenius behaviour, as was also true of backbone motions in poly(vinyl chloride). " Multiple side-group motions have also been observed in poly (diethyl siloxane) and poly(L-histidine). Backbone motions have been observed in poiy(diethyl siloxane), poly(oxymethylene), poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(p-phenylene sulphide), aromatic polyamides, and PTFE. A close similarity between the effects of entanglements and radiation cross-linking on the of cis-polyisoprene has been found. ... 

Less radiation resistant flexible chain polymers that have been studied by HREM include iPS [96], PTFE [97, 98], PE [99, 100], poly(/ -hydro-xybutyrate) [101], poly(p-phenylene sulphide)... 

Photoconductive poly-p-phenylene sulphide [65] with hole mobility near 10 m s is included in this category of polymers, even though... 

Poly(p-phenylene sulphide) (commonly called poly(phenylene sulphide) or PPS) is the sulphur analogue of poly(p-phenylene oxide) and is prepared from p-dichlorobenzene and sodium sulphide ... 

Lovinger AJ, Davis DD, Padden EJ. Kinetic analysis of the crystallization of poly(p-phenylene sulphide). Polymer 1985 26 1595. 

No.25, 15th Dec. 1997, p.7970-6 DSC, FT-IR, AND ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY DIFFRACTION APPLIED TO THE STUDY OF THE GLASS TRANSITION OF POLY(P-PHENYLENE SULPHIDE)... 

Lopez, L. C. and G. L. Wilkes. 1988. Crystallization Kinetics of Poly(p-phenylene sulphide) Effect of Molecular Weight. Polymer, 29, 106. 

The structural analysis using high resolution solid-state NMR has been successfully performed on other conducting polymers such as polyphenylene vinylene [21], polyaniline [22-24], polyphenylene sulphide [25, 26] and poly-p-phenylene [27-29]. 

Graphite Pyropolymers Polyacetylene Poly(p-phenylene) Poly(phenylene sulphide) doped Polypyrrole TIK-I CNQ polymers Hg Bi Si ZnO Gc (dopciQ -... 

Folythiopherie Polypyrrole (undoped) Nylon - Poly(p-phenylene) (undoped) Folytphcnylcnc sulphide) (undopcd) PVC Folystyrcnc Polyimide (Kapton) PTFE (Teflon) Cu-plillialocyanine Anthracene Diamond Si02... 

It has already been shown (e.g. Chapters 20 and 21) that the insertion of a p-phenylene into the main chain of a linear polymer increased the chain stiffness and raised the heat distortion temperature. In many instances it also improved the resistance to thermal degradation. One of the first polymers to exploit this concept commercially was poly(ethylene terephthalate) but it was developed more with the polycarbonates, polysulphone, poly(phenylene sulphides) and aromatic polyketones. 

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