Poly /iodine complexes

A poly( -vinyl-2-pyrroHdinone)-iodine complex [25655-41-8] (PVP-iodine), has been used extensively in hospitals and elsewhere because of its germicidal, bactericidal, fungicidal, and generally disinfecting properties (150). It is sold as a solution that contains about 10% available, or active, iodine and about 5% inactive iodine, in the form of iodide ion (see Disinfectants and antiseptics Industrial antimicrobial agents). 

Iodine makes blue colored complexes with many substances such as starch [1, 2] nylon-6 [3], poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) [4], poly(vinyl alcohol) PVA [5, 6], From the application point of view, the blue PVA-Iodine complex is the most important among them, for it is widely used for film polarizers [7,8]. The polarizers are prepared by soaking PVA films in a solution of iodine and potassium iodide (KI) with boric acid, and subsequent drawing to cause the high... 

In the case of Poly(vinyl acetate) -Iodine complex, it has been reported that the complex suddenly disappears when the temperature is above the Tg of the polymer [57, 58]. In the PVA-Iodine complex, the amount of complex begins to decrease at the 20 °C transition, followed by a gradual decrease in a wide span of temperature. It should be remarked that this 20 °C transition, demonstrated by the beginning of the decrease in the amount of the complex in PVA films may be the same as that observed by Yokota et aL [26] in aqueous PVA/iodine-KI boric acid solutions. They studied the thermal stability of the blue complex in the solution to find that dissociation of polyiodine begins at 10-15 °C. Although our case is that of PVA bulk without boric add, while their case is that of solution with boric add, the difference is not substantial because the complex is... 

The poly-(2-vinyl pyridine) is present in the cathode to solubilize the iodine via a complexation facilitating its diffusion. On fabrication, the cathode sheet, an iodine complex in a mixture with excess elemental iodine, is pressed against the Li metal anode. On contact a thin passivating, but Li-ion conductive, film of Lil is formed. It fails to grow further until the circuit is closed. Because the conductiv-... 

The poly(vinyl alcohol)-iodine charge transfer complexes have been the subject of many investigations " Water-soluble iodine complexes with ix)ly(l-vinyl-pyrrolidone) are commercially available as disinfecting agents PoIy(N-vinyl car-bazole) polyamides and poly(ethylene oxide) are also found to form molecular addition complexes with iodine and iodine compounds. An account of the different types of molecular complexes formed with various polymers has been published ... 

Cross-linked polymers produced in this way cannot be worked easily. In this respect, charge transfer complexes from polymeric donors and acceptors are more advantageous. The poly(2-vinyl pyridine) and iodine complex, for example, has a specific conductivity of 10 H" cm . It is used as a cathode in Li/h batteries for implantable heart pacemakers. This solid state battery has a higher energy density than the best lead accumulators and a lifetime of about ten years. 

Poly-(p- Aminophenylacetylene) - (2,5- Cyclohexa--dienedimalononitrile)) Complex (Poly-(p- Aminophenylacetylene) - Iodine) Complex jPoly-jp- Aminophenylacetylene) -(1,2,4,5- Benzenetetracarboxylic--1,2,4,5-dianhydride)) Complex Poly-(p- Aminophenylacetylene), Toluene Diisocyanate Crosslinked... 

Polyox WSR 1105. See PEG-20M Polyox WSR 3333. See PEG-9M Polyox WSR Coagulant See PEG-115M Polyox WSR N-10. See PEG-2M Polyox WSR N-12K. See PEG-23M Polyox WSR N-60K. See PEG-45M Polyox WSR N-80. See PEG-5M Polyox WSR N-750. See PEG-7M Polyox WSR N-3000. See PEG-14M Polyox. See Polyethylene glycol Poly[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) ethylene]. See PVP Poly (1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl) ethylene) iodine complex. See PVP-iodine Poly (oxy-1,4-butanediyl)-a-hydro-b)-hydroxy- Poly (oxybutylene) glycol Poly (oxy-1,4-butylene) glycol. See Polytetramethylene ether glycol... 

Moller, M., and Lenz, R. W., Poly(2-vinylpyridine) block copolymers. Phase separation and electronic conductivity of iodine complexes, Makromol Chem., 190, 1153-1168... 

The simultaneous polymerization and oxidation of azulene with bromine or iodine in acetonitrile have recently been reported. The resultant slightly soluble poly(azulene)-bromine and insoluble poly(azulene)-iodine complexes have lower electrical conductivities than the electrochemically produced polymer, 5x10 and 10 S/cm, respectively. Removal of soluble oligomers from the former leads to a slight improvement of the electrical conductivity. [119,127]. 

Fig. 5 shows the dependence of the integrated net intensity of the "intercalation" peak from the polyacetylene iodine complex compound at 2 10.4 on the iodine content. A linear relationship is obtained. Note that there is a threshold-value of iodine content at y=2.3 percent I/CH. Below this level an intercalation peak is not formed but the background intensity increases from the initial product up to this level due to iodine absorbed and/6r reacted at the surface of the sample. The specific surface area of such free standing sheets of poly(acetylene) is of the order of lOOm g". ... 

The results of this study lead to the conclusion that poly(acetylene) oxidized by iodine essentially consists of three different components unreacted bulk polymer, iodine covered surfaces and/or amorphous regions containing iodine and a metallic conducting polymer-iodine complex salt structure with a new lattice composed of rearranged chains together with I -chains. The conductivity data indicated a percolation process involving the metallic conductive parts of the sample as component of a system with a complex texture. 

Povidone-iodine is a water-soluble powder containing approximately 10% iodine complexed with poly(vinyl p5m olidone). It is stable in acid solutions but decomposes when heated above 40°G. It is very active against both gram-positive and gramjiegative bacteria and is thus widely used as a skin antiseptic (1% available iodine) for hand disinfection and for disinfection of clinical devices. 

Hexadecylpyridinium chloride Dimethyl gentian violet 5-Chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol Biguanide compounds Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) iodine complexes e-Poly(lysine) (8)... 

Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), iodine complex 25655-4 1-8 2-Pyrrolidinone, l -ethenyl-, homopoiymer, compd. R (CftHoNO). 4I2... 

PuUy hydroly2ed poly(vinyl alcohol) and iodine form a complex that exhibits a characteristic blue color similar to that formed by iodine and starch (171—173). The color of the complex can be enhanced by the addition of boric acid to the solution consisting of iodine and potassium iodide. This affords a good calorimetric method for the deterrnination of poly(vinyl alcohol). Color intensity of the complex is effected by molecular weight, degree of... 

Fig. 18. Electronic absorption spectra of a poly(schiff base) obtained by polycondensation of 4,4 -diacetyldiphenyl sulfide and p-phenylenediamine (1) and of its complex with iodine (2)...

Complexes with Iodine. One of the simplest "reactions" of poly(vinyl alcohol) is the formation of a blue complex with iodine. This complex formation, which requires the presence of KI, has been studied extensively by many workers (26-31). This complex also forms with partially hydrolyzed poly(vinyl acetates) (26) and is known to be affected by the 1,2-glycol content and the isotacticity of the polymer both of which tend to reduce complex formation (31). The complex also depends on the molecular weight of the poly(vinyl alcohol) and the iodine concentration. 

For poly(phenylacetylene) doped with acceptor iodine molecules the long wavelength bands at 940 nm were ascribed to CT complexes [178, 179]. The band model with trap controlled conductivity was used to the photoconductive... 

In the contribution written by Miyasaka the complex of system poly(vinyl alcohol) and iodine is discussed. Such systems are important materials as film polarizers. It is shown that different structures can be formed depending on the concentration of iodine and the degree of orientation of the polymer. The optical behaviour is explained by the structure of the material. 

Povidone-iodine is a macromolecular complex (poly-I(I-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) that is used as an iodophor. It is formulated as a 10% applicator solution, a 2% cleansing solution, and in many topical formulations, for example aerosol sprays, aerosol foams, vaginal gels, ointments, and mouthwashes. Because it contains very little free iodine (less than 1 ppm in a 10% solution) its antibacterial effectiveness is only moderate compared with that of a pure solution of iodine. 

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