Poly , aerobic degradation

Nishida, H. Tokiwa, Y. Distribution of poly(P-hydroxy-butyrate) and poly(e-caprolactone) aerobic degrading microorganisms in different environments. J. Environ. Polym. Degrad. 1993,1 (3), 227-233. 

Schirmer A, Jendrossek D, ScUegel HG (1993) Degradation of poly(3-hydroxyoctanoic add) [P(3HO)] by bacteria purification tmd properties of a P(3HO) depolymerase fmm Pseudomonas fluorescens GK13. Appl Environ Microbiol 59 1220 Schirmer A, Matz C, Jendrossek D (1995) Substrate spedfidties of poly(hydroxyalkanoate)-degrading bacteria and active site studies on the extracellular poly(3-hydroxyoctanoic add) depolymerase of Pseudmnonas fluorescens GK13. Can J Microbiol 41 170-179 Schmid A, KoUmer A, Sonnleitner B, Witholt B (1999) Development of equipment and procedures for the safe operation of aerobic bacterid bioprocesses in the presence of bulk amounts of flammable oiganic solvents. Bioprocess Eng 20 91-100 Schmid A, Dordick JS, Hauer B, Kiener A, Wubbolts M, Witholt B (2001) Industrial biocatalysis today and tomorrow. Nature 409 258-268... 

As has been discussed before, the gas content of a soil is proportional to the water content, because these two phases compete for the same pores. Therefore, the O2 content of a soil decreases (and CO2 increases) with increasing water content, as a consequence of soil respiration. The smaller the grains of a soil and therefore the finer its porosity, the slower will be the gas exchange within the soil. Anaerobic conditions are established under flooded conditions while a lower water content is conducive to aerobic conditions. Hardly any aerobic degradation of substances can be found in a water saturated soil [27]. Aerobic conditions are generally preferable for a fast biodegradation of plastics, even if exceptions do exist. The most notable example is the faster biodegradation of the poly hydroxy-butyrate-valerate under flooded anaerobic conditions [23]. 

The mechanism of the intracellular degradation of poly(HA) by bacteria, i.e., the mobilization of a previously accumulated polyester, is poorly understood (see also the chapter by Babel et al. in this book). Most of the research on intracellular poly(3HB) mobilization was done more than 30 years ago. Lemoigne observed in 1925 that 3-hydroxybutyrate was the main product of anaerobic breakdown of poly(3HB) in Bacillus M [12,137]. Macrae and Wilkinson [138, 139] noticed a reduction of the poly(3HB) content of Bacillus megaterium upon aerobic incubation of poly(3HB)-rich cells in phosphate buffer. The authors found that autolysis of poly(3HB)-rich cells occurred later and to a minor extent compared to poly(3HB)-poor cells and proposed that poly(3HB) might... 

Cellulosic materials such as wood flour, paper, and rayon improve biodegradation of poly(lactic acid) in aerobic soil (Figure 11.19). The polymer degrades at a rate similar to... 

Bonartseva, G. A. et al. Aerobic and anaerobic microbial degradation of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate produced by Azotobacter chroococcum. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 

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