Polarizing optical micrographs

Fig. 19 Polarized optical micrographs of several polymers. From top left to lower right, a random ethylene-octene copolymer high density polyethylene samples 3-6...

To confirm the shape of the spherulites described by the Avrami exponent, polarized optical micrographs of the isothermal crystallized melt blends were taken, and are shown in Figure 20.26 [44],... 

Figure 20.26 Polarized optical micrographs of isothermal crystallized (4h) melt blends (x400) (a) 210°C (b) 230°C (c) 210°C (d) 230°C [44], From Park, J. K Park, Y. H., Kim, D. J. and Kim, S. H., Crystallization kinetics of TLCP with polyester blends, J. Korean Fiber Soc., 37, 69-76 (2000). Reproduced with permission of The Korean Fiber Society...

The mesophases of LC diols la-lg were also observed directly in polarized optical micrographs taken immediately after melting the sample. Textures were identified only by comparison with published micrographs (2 ), and are therefore tentative. A nematic texture is observed for If (Fig. 2), while more highly ordered smectic textures are observed for Ib-le and Ig (Fig. 3). 

Polarized optical micrographs revealed birefringent heterogeneous regions in the crosslinked enamels of Ib-lg (Fig. 4). 

Figure 4. Polarizing optical micrograph of enamel made from Ic, 400 X magnification.

Figure 4. Polarized optical micrographs of polymer blends, (a) two homopolymer blend with PE/PS = 50/50 (100x). (b) two homopolymers and PE-g-PS copolymer blend with PE/PE-g-PS/PS = 45/10/45 (lOOx).

Fig. 2 Polarizing optical micrographs in the B4 phase of bent-core LC. Under crossed polarizers, texture with bluish color is observable (middle). By decrossing polarizers, two brighter and darker domains are observable (right and left). The brightness is interchanged by decrossing polarizers to counter senses [11]...

Fig. 31 a Changes in the cholesteric pitch and ICD intensity of 32-HC1 versus the enantiomeric excess (% ee) of 80 (S rich) in concentrated (20wt%) and dilute (inset, lmgmlr1) water solutions, b Polarized optical micrographs of cholesteric liquid crystalline phases of 32-HC1 (20 wt%) in the presence of 0.001 equivalent of (S)-80 and 5% ee (S rich) of 80 (0.1 equivalent) in water. (Reprinted with permission from [151]. Copyright 2004 American Chemical Society)... 

Figure 4 Self-assembling structures and liquid crystalline phase behavior observed in solutions of Pu-2 in water with increasing peptide concentration c (log scale). Electron micrographs (a) of ribbons (c = 0.2mM), (b) and (c) of fibrils (c = 6.2mM), and (d) fibers. The curves in (e) were calculated with the generalized model described in the text (see also Figure 5d). The polarizing optical micrograph (f) shows the thick thread-like texture observed for a solution with c = 3.7mM in a 0.2 mM pathlength microslide ...

Figure 25.9 Polarizing optical micrographs of the equimolar mixture of 14 and 16 in the smectic A liquid crystalline state (a) homeotropically aligned monodomain is formed on a glass substrate when the sample is cooled slowly from the isotropic state at the rate of 3° C min Inset is a conoscopic image (b) unaligned polydomains are formed on a glass substrate when the sample is cooled from the isotropic state at the rate of 20°C min ...

Fig. 9-10. Representative thermal polarized optical micrograph of the nematic schlieren texture displayed by 13 ( = 5) on cooling from the isotropic melt to 159 C.

Figure 3 Polarizing optical micrographs of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) crystallized at 240°C in the absence (A) and in the presence (B) of a shearing. As a consequence of the shearing, nucleation becomes increasingly profuse, and the shape of the spherulites becomes elliptical. (From ref. 11)...

Fig. 9.6. Polarizing optical micrograph of a concentrated solution ( 5-10% w/w) of aspect ratio 18 gold nanorods in water, taken from [55]. Reproduced by permission ofThe Royal Society of Chemistry.

Typical polarized optical micrographs of the molten samples were shown in Figure 1. Microscopic analyses were earned out at temperatures in the range 25 - 390 C, and threaded textures, a characteristic optical texture of nematic mesophase, were observed above LCITs over the investigated composition range. The nematic to isotropic transitions were not observed up to 390 C. 

Figure 1. Polarized optical micrographs of the PECs (a) PEC-60HBA 265 C (magnification X200) (b) PEC-70HB A 300 °C (magnification X200).

Fig. 6 Reflectance spectrum of Blue Phase I and polarizing optical micrograph of typical platelet texture...

Fig. 9-14. Representative thermal polarized optical micrograph of the nematic o...

Figure 16.8 shows the development of spherulitic morphology in the 50/50 iPP/ EPDM blend (6) upon cooling from 230°C to ambient at a slow cooling rate of 0.5°C min As depicted in Fig. 16.8a, the polarized optical micrograph under the cross... 

Figure 21.6 Polarized optical micrographs of PP, PP/epoxy, PP/MAH-g-PP/epoxy, and dynamically cured PP/epoxy blends at 136"C for 30 min (a) PP, (b) 70/30 PP/epoxy, (c) 60/10/30 PP/MAH-g-PP/ epoxy, and (d) 60/10/30/1.2 PP/MAH-g-PP/epoxy/EMI-2,4. (From Reference 48 with permission from Wiley Interscience.)...

Cover Illustration Polarized optical micrograph of an electtolytically polished AINi20 sample. Magnification 100 X. Used with the kind permission of Alf Nikolaisen,... 

Microscopy. The polarized optical micrographs of thin films of HX-205 and F-185 neat resins were obtained using a Zeiss ultraphot microscope equipped with a polarizer and an analyzer. Thin films, approximately 100 microns thick, were prepared by thln-sectlonlng the resin sheet with a razor blade at room temperature. The domains were observable because of light scattering as a result of refractive Index mismatch between the rubber domain and the epoxy matrix, as well as to stress-induced birefringence produced by the thermal stress Imposed on the domains. 

Polarized optical micrographs obtained from thin films of HX-205 and F-185 neat resins. The magnification Is 224. The size of the largest domains Is about 45 pm. 

Figure 5a. Cross polarizer optical micrographs taken for the CL-AGE copol) er control sample and ose irradiated at 25 C and 80 C with changing temperature of the heating stage 25 C.

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