Cross polarizer optical micrographs

Figure 5a. Cross polarizer optical micrographs taken for the CL-AGE copol) er control sample and ose irradiated at 25 C and 80 C with changing temperature of the heating stage 25 C.

Fig. 3 (a)Electron micrographs of thin layers of (l-4 + i,-5) (left), (d-4+d-5) (middle).and (l-4+l-5+d-4+d-5) (right). (Reproduced ly permission of the National Academy of Sciences from Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. USA 1993, 90. 163-167.) (b) Cross-polarized optical micrograph of the smectic phase of 6 (left) and circular dichroism spectra cf hvo domains in the amectic blue [jiasc of 6 (right). (Courtesy of Prof J. Watanabe.)... 

FIGURE 5.5 Crossed polarized optical micrograph of the mixture of 25 wt% of 1 in an achiral nematic LC host 5CB on cooling at 38.9 °C (a) before UV irradiation (b) after UV irradiation for 10 s (c) 20 s after the removal of UV light at isotropic phase. Reprinted with permission from Reference 34. Copyright 2005 American Chemical Society. 

Figure 5.7 Cross-polarized optical micrographs documenting the cooling process of a blend of LLDPE and 0.46% w/w Cl-RG at (a) 180°C, (b) 135 °C, and (c) 100°C. Reproduced with permission from Ref [34].

Fig. 2 Polarizing optical micrographs in the B4 phase of bent-core LC. Under crossed polarizers, texture with bluish color is observable (middle). By decrossing polarizers, two brighter and darker domains are observable (right and left). The brightness is interchanged by decrossing polarizers to counter senses [11]...

Figure 16.8 shows the development of spherulitic morphology in the 50/50 iPP/ EPDM blend (6) upon cooling from 230°C to ambient at a slow cooling rate of 0.5°C min As depicted in Fig. 16.8a, the polarized optical micrograph under the cross... 

Fig. 11.18 Polarizing optical micrographs under crossed polarizers of Poly-8 at 140 °C in cooling a before applying an electric field (SmC ), b with an applied field of -1-10 V (SmC) and c with an applied field of — 10 V (SmC). The stripes of the fan-shape texture in SmC phase disappeared by applying an electric field to give an ordinary fan-shape texture of SmC phase. The direction of the polarization in the fan-shape texture became inverse when opposite electric current was applied. Reprinted with permission from [14]. Copyright 2008, Wiley...

FIGURE 5.6 The structures of chiral diarylethene 2. Crossed polarized optical texture micrograph of 10 wt% of 2 in a nematic LC host 5CB at 42 (a) before irradiation (b) after UV... 

Figure 4.31 Polarized optical micrographs under crossed polars at 100°C at the cooling process for PLA, PBS, and the blends...

Fig. 7.4 Polarized optical micrographs of linear polyethylene cross-linked at room temperature. (From Hammer, Brandt and Peticolas (30))...

Figure 3.4 Polarized optical micrograph of growing spheru-lites of nylon 6.6 in a ca. 5-pm-thick film. The dark arms of the Maltese cross pattern are in the directions of the polarizer and analyzer, while the nonbirefringent melt is uniformly dark. From Khoury and Passalgia [5] with kind permission from Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

Figure 3.67 Polarized optical micrograph of a doubly banded spherulite in the chiral polymer poly(R-3-hydroxybutyrate). Two closely spaced extinction bands are separated by a wider light region the crystal strncture is orthorhombic and the indicatrix is an ehipsoid with two optic axes. Close inspection of the vertical arms of the Maltese cross reveals dark bands crossing the light regions from left to right, indicating that the twist is left handed. Scale bar is 25 mm. From Saracovan et al. [102] with permission from the American Chemical Society.

Figure 1 shows polarized optical micrographs of cross-sections of D-PP-Q, D-PP-S and D-PP-0. For D-PP-Q, spherulites are small and not clear. With decreasing cooling rate, larger and more ordered spherulites are shown in D-PP-S and D-PP-0 sheets. 

Figure 1. Cross-section polarized optical micrographs of (a) D-PP-Q, (b) D-PP-S and (c) D-PP-0 sheets...

Figure 4 Optical micrograph of spherulites formed by slow coagulation of an isotropic solution of PBT in MSA, viewed between crossed polarizers.

Figure 1.1. Optical micrograph of a microtomed section of PTFE viewed between crossed polarizers.

Fig. 11. Transmission optical micrograph, taken using cross polarizers, of fracture region of a rubber-modified epoxy showing shear-yield bands 37)...

Figure 1. Optical micrograph of an as-grown crystal of Py-D3C exhibiting a characteristic truncated octahedral shape. Domains are apparent in transmitted cross-polarized light.

Figure 5. Optical micrograph of a thin section of a Py-D3C crystal in cross-polarized light. Regions A-D show in detail the parallel domain arrays.

Figure 5. Optical micrographs of pure soft- and pure hard-segment copolymers (upper left) compression-molded soft segment, (lower left) DMF solution-cast soft segment, (upper right) compression-molded hard segment, (lower right) DMF solution-cast hard segment. All micrographs are for crossed polarizers...

Fig. 18 Optical micrographs under cross-polarized light of (a) a pattern of CaCO discrete crystals, (b) a pattern of CaCO film, grown on patterned thin films of PHEMA-b-PMPS-b-PHEMA. Reproduced with permission from [77] Pof>escu et al., (2006) Angew Chem Int Ed 45 1762-1767. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH Co...

Figure 1.10. Optical micrographs of thin cross sections through specimens recovered from (a) laser irradiation and (b) electric discharge experiments. Specimens are viewed between crossed polarizers.

Fig. 4 Optical micrograph of unmodified cornstarch under crossed polarizers (magnification 400 x).

FIGURE 3.14. Optical micrographs of Akj3 (A) as deposited on glass and (B) after annealing. (C) is the annealed sample viewed between crossed polarizers. At defects such as cracks, crystallites grow with spherical symmetry. In the homogeneous areas of the him, approximately one-dimensional crystals are visible. 

---