Plate-design procedure

Calculate the maximum and minimum vapour and liquid flow-rates, for the turn down ratio required. 

Estimate the column diameter, based on flooding considerations (Section 11.13.3). 

Make a trial plate layout downcomer area, active area, hole area, hole size, weir height (Sections 11.13.8 to 11.13.10). 

Check the weeping rate (Section 11.13.6), if unsatisfactory return to step 6. 

Check the plate pressure drop (Section 11.13.14), if too high return to step 6. 

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The following areas terms are used in the plate design procedure ... 

Design procedures for tube-plates are given in BS PD 5500, and in the TEMA heat exchanger standards (see Chapter 12). The tube-plate must be thick enough to resist the bending and shear stresses caused by the pressure load and any differential expansion of the shell and tubes. The minimum plate thickness to resist bending can be estimated using an equation of similar form to that for plate end closures (Section 13.5.3). 

Accdg to Ref 10, the use of expls to do construction work is not new. About 1888 Amer scientist C-E- Munroe (1849—1938) used expl charges to engrave names and designs iron plates by procedure in use at the present time. As a result of his work and of the work of German scientist E. Neumann, the process known as the "shaped charge effect was developed. It is described in... 

Recent work (Sec. 6.4.1) has shown that this model is an oversimplification of the processes occurring on a distillation plate. Nevertheless, many of the modern design procedures are based on this model and are expressed in terms of this model. 

Forced convection heat transfer is probably the most common mode in the process industries. Forced flows may be internal or external. This subsection briefly introduces correlations for estimating heat-transfer coefficients for flows in tubes and ducts flows across plates, cylinders, and spheres flows through tube banks and packed beds heat transfer to nonevaporating falling films and rotating surfaces. Section 11 introduces several types of heat exchangers, design procedures, overall heat-transfer coefficients, and mean temperature differences. 

Since the early 1960s there have been developed some excellent laboratory experimental techniques, which unfortunately have largely been ignored by the industry. A noteworthy exception was described by Ouwerkerk Hydrocarbon Process., April 1978, pp. 89-94), in which it was revealed that both laboratory and small-scale pilot-plant data were employed as the basis for the design of an 8.5-m- (28-ft-) diameter commercial Shell Claus off-gas treating (SCOT) plate-type absorber. It is claimed that the cost of developing comprehensive design procedures can be kept to a minimum, especially in the development of a new process, by the use of these modern techniques. 

Design procedures for tube plates are given in the ASME BPV Code Sec. VIII D.l Part UHX, and in the TEMA heat exchanger standards (see Chapter 12). The tube... 

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