PLASTIC PERFORMANCE

External Plasticizers. There are two distinct groups of external plasticizers. A primary plasticizer, when added to a polymer, causes the properties of elongation and softness of the polymer to be increased. These changes are brought about by mechanisms described below. A secondary plasticizer, when added to the polymer alone, does not bring about these changes and may have limited compatibiUty with the polymer. However, when added to the polymer in combination with a primary plasticizer, secondary plasticizers enhance the plasticizing performance of the primary plasticizer. For this reason secondary plasticizers are also known as extenders. 

The widespread sales of this plasticizer are a redection of its all-around plasticizing performance and its provision of adequate properties for a great many standard products. It possesses reasonable plasticizing efficiency, fusion rate, and viscosity which, coupled with the normally competitive price, go a long way to explaining the popularity of this plasticizer. Some concerns have been periodically raised as to the possible toxicity of this material, but it can be said that these concerns are often related to the vast and widespread study of the toxicity of DEHP. 

The Activity Parameter. Another measure (a) of plasticizer activity that is an extension of and based on earlier work gives an iadication of the ease of processiag for a givea plasticizer with a givea resia, but does aot give estimates of plasticizing performance ia the fiaal product (12). M and y are as previously defiaed. 

Basics Creep data can be very useful to the designer. In the interest of sound design-procedure, the necessary long-term creep information should be obtained on the perspective specific plastic, under the conditions of product usage (Chapter 5, MECHANICAL PROPERTY, Long-Term Stress Relaxation/Creep). In addition to the creep data, a stress-strain diagram under similar conditions should be obtained. The combined information will provide the basis for calculating the predictability of the plastic performance. 

There are methods to manipulate the backbones of polymers in several areas that include control of microstructures such as crystallinity, precise control of molecular weight, copolymerization of additives (flame retardants), antioxidants, stabilizers, etc.), and direct attachment of pigments. A major development with all this type action has been to provide significant reduction in the variability of plastic performances, more processes can run at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and 80% energy cost reductions. 

Tablet press Molding press Pellet mill 10 Up to 1 tonne/h flow and mechanical properties plastic performs, metal parts, ceramics, clay minerals, animal feeds...

The flexibility of amorphous polymers is reduced drastically when they are cooled below a characteristic transition temperature called the glass transition temperature (Tg). At temperatures below Tg there is no ready segmental motion and any dimensional changes in the polymer chain are the result of temporary distortions of the primary covalent bonds. Amorphous plastics perform best below Tg but elastomers must be used above the brittle point, or they will act as a glass and be brittle and break when bent. 

BASF is a chemical manufacturing company that operates production facilities in 38 countries, owns 159 subsidiaries and serves customers in more than 170 countries. Around 22% of BASF sales are made to North American industries. The firm operates in five business segments chemicals plastics performance products agricultural products and nutrition and oil and gas. The chemicals segment manufactures over 1,500 inorganic, petrochemical and intermediate chemicals for the pharmaceutical, construction, textile and automotive industries. The plastics segment primarily manufactures polystyrene, styrenics and... 

PMS liquids have mediocre lubricating capacities for steel-on-steel friction, although some combinations of friction couples, e.g. bronze-on-steel, brass-on-plastic, perform satisfactorily if lubricated hydrodynamically with PMS liquids. The use of PMS as liquid media in oils and lubricants compounded with various antiwear additives and dispersions, creates favourable conditions for selective adsorption of additives on friction surfaces and helps to form an antiwear film which greatly increases the pressures and slip velocities. 

Performance Chemicals Chemical Intermediates Engineering Plastics Performance Rubber... 

The aim of this chapter is to provide an understanding of how carbon black particle size and shape translate into dispersion quality and other performance attributes in plastics applications. While this chapter focuses on carbon black s effectiveness as a pigment, some attention will also be paid to some of the other plastics performance properties it influences, such as stability against UV radiation, effects on mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity. At its conclusion, this chapter will help the reader select an appropriate carbon black grade for specific plastics applications. 

FYARESTOR 102 is a bromochlorinated paraffin that performs as an effective flame retardant plasticizer in coated fabrics formulations for synthetic and natural fiber blends. Similar to chlorinated paraffins, FYARESTOR 102 offers greater flame retardant performance due to its functional bromine levels, yet retains similar plasticizer performance due to its low viscosity. 

Plasticizers perform this function if a single plasticizer solvates the dissimilar major components of a blend. Phthalate esters help to stabilize mixtures of poly(vinyl chloride) and poly(melhyl methacrylate) for example. These materials are also plasticizers for polystyrene, and stable blends of this polymer with poly(vinyl chloride) can be made by adding dioctyl phthalate to a blend of polystyrene and rigid PVC. 

This reference included the separation of 53 polymer additives including antioxidants, UV stabilizers, lubricants, and plasticizers. Performance details are provided. 

Plastics performance and the performance of other materials are highly influenced by fillers... 

The above examples are only the tip of the iceberg. There are many process procedures that can modify the properties of plastic. The more obvious ways in which plastic performance can be influenced include ... 

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