Plasma glutamic acid

G4. Gerrard, J. W., Marko, A. M., and Buchan, D., Glutamic acid derivatives in juvenile and adult celiac disease, 1. Plasma glutamic acid levels after a gliadin tolerance test. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 83, 1321-1323 (1960). 

EFFECT OF L GLUTAMIC ACID LOADING ON PLASMA GLUTAMIC ACID ... 

Protein S. Protein S is a single-chain molecule of approximately 78,000 daltons that contains 10 y-carboxy glutamic acid residues in the NH -terminal portion of the molecule. Protein S is a regulatory vitamin K-dependent protein. In plasma 40% of this protein circulates free and 60% circulates bound to C4b binding protein. Free Protein S functions as a nonenzymatic cofactor that promotes the binding of Protein C to membrane surfaces (22—25). 

Several of the neurotransmitters are small-molecule amines such as dopamine, serotonin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. These neurotransmitters are synthesized in the cytoplasm of the axon terminal and subsequently transported into and stored within the synaptic vesicles. The amino acids glycine and glutamic acid are normal constituents of proteins and are present in abundance in the axons. These are also stored in synaptic vesicles. Each electrical impulse that arrives at the presynaptic side of a synapse will cause only a small minority of the synaptic vesicles to fuse with the plasma membrane and discharge their contents. The remaining synaptic vesicles remain, waiting for subsequent electrical impulses. At the same time, neurotransmitter synthesis continues, as does their storage in synaptic vesicles. This tends to restore the full complement of amine neurotransmitters at the axon terminal. 

Plasma that cannot be analyzed instantaneously should be kept frozen at -20°C. Glutamine is particularly liable to decomposition, thereby yielding glutamic acid, but also the ninhydrin-negative pyroglutamic acid. It has even been claimed that y-aminobutyric acid can be formed from glutamine. Even at -20°C the decomposition of glutamine cannot be stopped completely. 

The interassay variation was assessed in a plasma pool, which was stored at -20°C and analyzed 26 times over an 8-month period. The coefficients of variation (CVs) ranged from 6.1 to 8.9% with the following exceptions glutamine decreases steadily from 587 to 447 pmol/1 with a concomitant increase of glutamic acid from 62 to 164 pmol/1. Cystine decreased from 35 pmol/1 to undetectable. Tryptophan, arginine, methionine, asparagine, and proline had CVs slightly in excess of 10%. 

Glutamic acid Hemolytic plasma Stored plasma Ca-levulinate treatment ... 

Polymer films have been obtained by plasma polymerization of hexafluorobenzene, N-vinylpyrrolidine, and chloracrylonitrile (Munro). Higuchi et al. have shown that irradiation of an azobenzene-modified poly(Y-methyl-L-glutamate-CO-L-glutamic acid) in bilayer membrane vesicles of distearyldimethylammonium chloride leads to trans-cis isomerization of the polymer this leads to transfer of the polypeptide from the hydrophobic bilayer membrane interior to the hydrophilic surface. As a result, there was a decrease in the ion permeability through the bilayer membrane and the formation of intervesicular adhesion. Eisner and Ritter have prepared photosensitive membranes from an aromatic polyamide and a cinnamate that incorporates a liquid crystalline component. 

Glutamic acid, 19 catabolism, 428 chemical structure, 20 plasma conocntraticin, 465 solubility, 2)6 Glutaminase, 441, 443 Glutamine, 19... 

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