Planar cell surface area

PCSA planar cell surface area ROS reactive oxygen species... 

The active surface to volume ratio of the tubular arrangements previously described is approximately 1 cm2/l cm3. This parameter could be increased with corresponding increases in both volume power density and area power density. New concepts for solid state electrochemical reactors have been proposed based on more or less planar cell structures which can be integrated to make blocks. 

Planar SOFC, in particular, monolithic designs (MHI) are capable of high (volumetric) power densities most favoured by direct and short current paths across the stack components. The PEN is principally square, rectangular and circular (Ceramic Fuel Cells Limited (CFCL), Mitsubishi Materials Corp., SulzerHexis) in shape with active surface areas of 100-200 cm2 (15.5-31 in2). A drawback of this design is that it often necessitates the use of high temperature sealants for application at the in-... 

The kinetic specific surface is equal to the ratio of the surface area of the dispersantconducting pores or cells (S,) to the volume (V,) or mass (m) of dry matter in porous material. On an anatomic scale no surface of any part of a solid body can ever be really planar. It usually contains cracks or fractures, many reaching deep into the material. Even minor cracks or wrinkles contribute to the surface area. The internal surface of porous bodies is usually several orders of magnitude larger than the external surface so that the total surface of such material is practically made up by the internal surface. 

The construction of LbL multilayer films of biomaterials on colloid particles is of particular interest in applications where a microscopic contact is essential, such as protein interaction and cell communication, and where high surface area is desirable, such as in catalysis. For example, enzyme LbLs on particle surfaces are useful for biorelated catalysis since microscopic objects of higher surface area can potentially yield higher enzymatic reaction efficiencies than their planar film counterparts. If the LbL assembly is conducted on microparticles with certain functions, we can... 

Imagine a parallelepipedic cell (with unidirectional geometry), comprising two planar, parallel, silver electrodes with a surface area of S= 1 cm separated by a distance of L=2 mm. They are both successively immersed in one of the two aqueous solutions S, or 2 being studied, and connected to a constant current supply ... 

In practice, imperfections in the planarity of the electrode blocks limit the dimensions of the gaskets that can be employed. Increasing the surface area and the flow-rates will raise the background current, whilst in many cases flow-rates are limited by the chromatographic system. Typical electrode parameters are therefore an area of 15-20 mm with gaskets of 20-100 pm giving a cell volume of less than 1 pL and capable of working with flow-rates of ca 1 mL min ... 

EXAMPLE 20.6 The field from a charged planar surface. Let s compute the field due to a charged planar surface, such as the plate of a capacitor, an electrode, or a cell membrane in an isotropic dielectric medium. Suppose that the charge is distributed uniformly on the planar surface. Assmne that the plane is so large that you can neglect edge effects, and that it has a uniform surface charge [Pg.382]

Conventional electtowinning EW), as well as electioiefining, utilizes rectangular electrodes (planar starter sheets) having surface areas that occupy the space Imxlm approximately. The anodic and cathodic electrodes are suspended vertically and alternatively at a distance 3 cm < x < 10 cm in the cells. The electrodes in one cell are connected in parallel and the cells are connected in series as shown in Figure 7.3. This is a classical electrode-ceU arrangement for reducing the net cell potential drop and ohmic resistance [27,34]. 

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