Pituitary cell lines

Cl -channels are also present in neuroendocrine cells such as the AtT-20 pituitary cell line [30]. Ca -dependent and voltage-activated slow Cl -currents were found. These Cl -currents could subserve a role comparable to that of Cl -currents in renin-secreting cells or mast cells [13,14]. Along these lines, it has been speculated that the slow Cl inward currents may influence the firing rate of these neuroendocrine cells [30]. 

Sartor P, Vacher P, Mollard P, Dufy B (1988) Tamoxifen reduces calcium currents in a clonal pituitary cell line. Endocrinology 123 534-540... 

Schreihofer DA, Staler MH, Shupnik MA (2000) Differential expression and regulation of estrogen receptors (ERs) in rat pituitary cell lines estrogen decreases ERa protein and estrogen responsiveness. Endocrinology 141 2174-2184... 

West, R.E., Myers, J., Zweig, A., Siegel, M.I., Egan, R.W. and Clark, M.A. (1994). Steroid-sensitivity of agonist binding to pituitary cell line histamine H3-receptors. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 267, 343-348. 

Several important features of thyroid hormone action have been obtained by using pituitary cell lines (GH3, GH , GC) derived from the somatotrophs, i.e., the cells which synthesize and secrete growth hormone [43,46], When cultured in thyroid hormone depleted media such cells are responsive to thyroid hormone. Tsai and Samuels [47] first demonstrated that GH cells synthesize 3-10-times more GH when cultured in the presence of physiological concentration of T3 (0.1-1 nM). A detectable increase in GH synthesis occurs 45-60 min after significant binding to nuclear sites. Such an increase is paralleled by changes in total cytoplasmic GH mRNA... 

Garcia PD, Myers RM (1994) Pituitary cell line GH3 expresses two somatostatin receptor subtypes that inhibit adenyl cyclase functional expression of rat somatostatin receptor subtypes 1 and 2 in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Mol Pharmacol 45 402-409... 

Rosenthal W, Hescheler J, Hinsch K-D, Spicher K, T rautwein W, Schultz G (1988) Cyclic AMP-independent, dual regulation of voltage-dependent Ca currents by LHRH and somatostatin in a pituitary cell line. EMBO J 7 1627-1633... 

Various animal cell lines can be cultivated in vitro, such as cardiac cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, endocrine cells (such as pituitary, adrenal, and pancreatic cells), epithelial cells (such as liver, mammary, lung, and kidney cells), tumor cells (such as melanocytes), nervous system cells (such... 

Another method of removing fast growing fibroblasts is to prepare primary cultures from a tumour and after a short time return them to an animal where they will reform a tumour. By repeated alternation of growth in vivo and in vitro it was hoped to select for tumour cells and this has proved successful in isolating differentiated cell lines from adrenal, pituitary and neural tissue (Buonassisi et al., 1962 Augusti-Tocco and Sato, 1969). 

PURPOSE AND RATIONALE Anterior pituitaries may be incubated directly, kept in culture or used for cell lines (Mittler and Meites 1964, 1966 Mittler et al. 1970 Sandow et al. 1972) in order to study the synthesis and release of gonadotropins in response to LH-RH. 

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