Pitocin

Pitch control Pitched blade turbine Pit furnace Pi theorem Pitocin... 

The posterior lobe of the pituitary, ie, the neurohypophysis, is under direct nervous control (1), unlike most other endocrine organs. The hormones stored in this gland are formed in hypothalamic nerve cells but pass through nerve stalks into the posterior pituitary. As early as 1895 it was found that pituitrin [50-57-7] an extract of the posterior lobe, raises blood pressure when injected (2), and that Pitocin [50-56-6] (Parke-Davis) causes contractions of smooth muscle, especially in the utems (3). Isolation of the active materials involved in these extracts is the result of work from several laboratories. Several highly active posterior pituitary extracts have been discovered (4), and it has been deterrnined that their biological activities result from peptide hormones, ie, low molecular weight substances not covalendy linked to proteins (qv) (5). 

Orasthin (Hoechst) F Synthocinon (Novartis) Pitocin (Sankyo)... 

Syntocinon (Novartis I Syntocinon (Novartis USA Pitocin (Parke Davis)... 

Paregoric Opium Tincture (lauda- Pitocin Oxytocin... 

Oxytocin (Pitocin, Syntocinon) causes milk release (letdown) by stimulating contraction of the myoepithelial cells of the milk ducts in lactating mammary glands this forces milk from the alveoli of the breast. Oxytocin release is stimulated by suckling and by auditory and visual stimuli, such as a baby s cry. Oxytocin is available as a nasal spray, which is used as an aid to lactation when milk ejection is impaired. 

Oxytocin (Pitocin, Syntocinon) is a cyclic 8-amino acid peptide that is synthesized in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and transported within hypothalamic neurons (in association with neurophysin) to the posterior pituitary for storage. Its mechanism of action involves the direct stimulation of oxytocin receptors found on the myometrial cells. Oxytocin circulates unbound in the plasma, where it has a half-Ufe of approximately 15 minutes. It is primarily inactivated in the kidneys and liver. 

Oxytocin is used in induction of labour, in postpartum haemorrhage, abortion and in breast engorgement. It is used by IM/IV route (PITOCIN, 2-5 lU/ml inj). 

Manufacturers Monarch Pharmaceuticals, Bristol, TN (Pitocin) Wyeth-Ayerst, Philadelphia, PA (Oxytocin for Injection) Eon Labs, Laurelton, NY (Oxytocin Solution for Injection) Fujisawa, Deerfield, IL (Oxytocin Solution for Injection)... 

Dosage form Pitocin is available in a 1 ml ampule, a 1 ml prefilled syringe, a 1 ml vial, and a 10ml multiple-dose vial. Each preparation contains oxytocin 10 units/ml. Oxytocin Solution for Injection (Eon, Fujisawa) is supplied as a 1 ml ampule or vial and a 10 ml vial each contains oxytocin 10 units/ml. Oxytocin for injection also contains oxytocin 10 units/ml. 

Pitocin, a hormone, was reported to increase lipolysis (Kelly 1943, 1945), and another hormone, diethylstilbestrol, is said to increase lipase activity toward tributyrin but not toward milk fat (El-Nahta 1963). 

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