Piping Design Considerations

Maximum allowable working pressure MAWP) Highest pressure to which the system can be subjected during operation. Thus, pressure is established by a relief device set pressure and must be less than or equal to the material strength limitations of equipment. This pressure e.stabli.sh-es piping class for fittings and pipe wall thickness requirements, both of which are discussed in Volume 1. 

Normal operating pressure Anticipated process operating pressure used to determine pipe diameter requirements and pressure drop limitations for various operating conditions. 

Valves, Fillings, and Piping Details. it Kl onlinued from page 441) 

Future operation pressures Sizing of lines must consider operating pressures expected as the reser oir depletes. Diameter requirement calculations should be made using both initial and future conditions to determine the governing case. Often in gas and two-phase lines the greatest flow velocity occurs late in life when flowing pressures are low even though flow rates may be lower than initial conditions. 

Design temperature Highest or lowest (depending upon which is controlling) temperature to which a line can be subjected during operation. 

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J. E. Kemme, Heat Pipe Design Considerations, T-4221 -MS, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, University of California, Los Alamos, N.M., 1969. 

This is an important part of the pump system and should be thought of as a very speeialized piping design. Considerable attention must be direeted to the pump suetion piping to ensure satisfactory pump operation. 

In processes where materials are transported mainly in the fluid phase, such as most oil refinery units, the piping design considerations tend to dictate the layout, whereas for plants processing solids, such as metallurgical reduction plants, the bulk solids handling design is the major consideration. 

Piping and Flame Arrester System Design Considerations... 

The final consideration in suction piping design is the method used to reduce the pipe diameter (i.e. 1.5 or greater than the pump s inlet flange) so that it can be attached to the pump. Care must be taken to ensure that the reduction method does not cause a void where air can be trapped or a low spot that will permit buildup of solid contaminates. 

By now it should be apparent that, while both steel and RTR pipe are by definition flexible conduit, they are also quite different and therefore require different design approaches, even though initially at least then-design considerations are identical. As with steel pipe, the RTR pipe designer must concern oneself with both pipe deflection and buckling analysis. Unlike the steel pipe designer, however, the RTR pipe designer must also examine a third area of concern. 

When designing an active or passive system, many design considerations are common to the two systems. For example, some provision for removal of condensation that forms in the exhaust pipe will be required. Routing of the pipes from the basement to the roof must be considered when the house is being designed. Placement of the exhaust is extremely important. 

Design Considerations of Long-Distance Pneumatic Transport and Pipe Branching... 

A significant number of developments have occurred over the past decade to address these important issues of pneumatic conveying (Wypych, 1995a). This chapter summarizes some of the major design considerations that have resulted from this work in relation to long-distance and pipe branching applications. 

But, all of these obvious technical pipeline considerations are sometimes overlooked, and many of the most infamous incidents have involved poor practices in piping design, in... 

In the design of heat exchangers and piping systems considerations must be given to a design that allows ease of periodic inspection as shown in Figure 1.50. 

But, all of these obvious technical pipeline considerations are sometimes overh>oked, and many of the most infamous incidents have involved poor practices in piping design, in operations, or in piping maintenance systems. The American Insurance Association states Piping hazards are often underrated as compared to pressure vessels although the history of failures does not warrant this... . Piping systems should be located in. serviceable areas. They should be constructed in accordance with appropriate code requirements and inspected by appropriate means.. .. [20]... 

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