Physiological strain

Humans seek and want thermal comfort, even at work in industrial settings. Clothing, activities, posture, location, and shelter are chosen, adjusted, altered, and sought consciously and unconsciously to reduce discomforts and enable us to focus more on the other tasks of life. Discomfort can contribute to mistakes, productivity decreases, and industrial accidents. " Thermal discomfort results from the physiological strain of thermoregulation. The strain can be in the form of altered body temperatures, sweating and excessive skin moisture, muscle tension and stiffness, shivering, and loss of dexterity. A small... 

Smyth, J. D. Davies, Z. (1974a). Occurrence of physiological strains of Echinococcus granulosus demonstrated by in vitro culture of protoscoleces from sheep and horse hydatid cysts. International Journal for Parasitology, 4 443-5. 

Leeson-Dietrich, J., Boughner, D., and Vesely, 1.1995. Porcine pulmonary and aortic valves a comparison of their tensile viscoelastic properties at physiological strain rates. /. Heart Valve Dis. 4 88-94. 

Hadid, A., Yanovich, R., Erhch, T., Khomenok, G., Moran, D.S., 2008. Effect of a personal ambient ventilation system on physiological strain during heat stress wearing a balhstic vest. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 104 (2), 311-319. 

Even for a healthy woman on a good diet, providing sufficient milk to meet all the demands of a rapid- growing infant is a physiological strain. So, supplemental feeding, i.e., the substitution of a bottle feed for one or more breast feeds and/ or the early introduction of solid foods, may be indicated. Also, it is important that the mother s hemoglobin should be checked during the period between childbirth and the return of the uterus to its normal size. Iron deficiency anemia is rather common at this time, especially if blood loss was excessive at or after delivery. 

Like cartilage, tendon and ligaments sustain quite large in vivo stress, strain and torsion, possess lower cell densities than many other tissues, and are practically avascular, and aneural. Bioreactors for such tissue have employed stretching devices that apply physiologic strain, as well as provide traction and torsion (Table 22.1). 

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