Physiological Actions of CLA

These reported actions of CLA could be mediated through a number of physiological mechanisms including increased fat oxidation (31) or inhibition of lipid accumulation in fat cells. Recent studies have started to investigate the physiological actions of individual isomers. It appears that the 10,12-tc isomer of CLA is mainly responsible for the effect of CLA on adiposity (32-34). 

The change in structure from morphine to apomorphine profoundly changes its physiological action. The central depressant effects of morphine are much less pronounced, and the stimulant effects are enhanced greatly, thereby producing emesis by a purely central mechanism. It is administered subcutaneously to obtain emesis. It is ineffective orally. Apomorphine is one of the most effective, prompt (10 to 15 minutes), and safe emetics in use today. Care should be exercised in its use. however, bccau.se it may be depressant in already-depressed patients. It is currently cla.ssified as an "orphan drug" for use in Parkinson s disease. 

Recent advances in molecular and cell biology have shown that adipose tissue not only stores excess energy in the form of fat but also secretes physiologically active substances called adipocytokines (23). Adiponectin is one of the most abundant secretory proteins from adipose tissue in rodents and humans. Because several reports indicate that adiponectin can lead to enhanced insulin action in vitro and in vivo, it is strongly su ested that adiponectin has a protective role against insulin resistance (24—26). Fig. 9.3 shows the effect of CLA on the production of adiponectin. The plasma adiponectin level and the expression level of adiponectin mRNA in white adipose tissue were markedly enhanced in rats fed CLA as an insulin sensitizer. These results are consistent with a previous report showing that thiazolidinediones (TZD),... 

---