Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, PTB

Schampel and Steen (1975) describe experimental equipment and tests carried out at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Germany on high velocity vent valves. Also, conditions for a sufficient air entrainment and dilution of the vented flammable vapors are discussed. 

The ITS is an artifact scale, designed to relate temperature measurements made with practicable instruments as closely as possible to the thermodynamic scale. The scale is established and controlled by the International Committee of Weights and Measures (BIPM) through its Consultative Committee on Thermometry, which was established in 1937. The BIPM itself is established to maintain and implement the Treaty of the Meter, to which most nations of the wodd subscribe thus the ITS has not only scientific but legal status in most nations. Within nations, the Temperature Scale is maintained by national standards establishments, eg, in the United States the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST), in England the National Physical Laboratory (NPL), and in Germany the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). 

CHEMSAFE Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) (also available on STN) data for plant safety and accident prevention... 

W. Richter B. G ttler ([3) Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Bundesallee 100,... 

The pH(PS) values listed in Table 1 are examples derived from Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) certificates for primary pH reference materials. 

The first frequency measurement of the 15 — 25 resonance made use of a transportable ClU-stabilized HeNe infrared frequency standard at 88 THz [24], built at the Institute of Laser Physics in Novosibirsk/Russia. For calibration it was transported repeatedly to the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Braunschweig/Germany where it could be compared with a Cs atomic clock using the PTB frequency chain [25]. 

At the German National Institute, the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Braunschweig, a miniature trap was designed to store Yb with a ring of 1.3 mm diameter. The oven and the filament act as compensation electrodes to control ion micro-motion in three dimensions [35]. 

Standards for absolute determination of photometric accuracy are available from, for example, national standards offices (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt. PTB NBS). However, the accuracy of these standards (both filters and standard solutions) is not greater than ca. 0.3%, and even that can be achieved only by expert operators. 

Fig. 5.1.1 Platinum hydrogen cell (Hamed cell) designed at Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) and produced by Fa. Rettberg, Gottingen...

Wuebbler G et al (2004) Human verification by heart by heart beat signals, Working Group 8.42, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Berlin, Germany. Available online at http /Avww.berlin.ptb.de/8/84/842/BIOMETRIE/842biometriee.html. Retrieved on 15-12-2010... 

Standard solutions of the radionuclides Sr-85, Sr-89 and Sr90/Y90 were obtained from the Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Braunschweig, the national metrological institute in Germany. The relative standard uncertainties in the certified specific activities... 

The data in CHEMSAFE are compiled and reviewed by two Federal German Authorities, the Bundesanstalt fiir Materialforschung und -priifung (BAM) and the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). 

Heidelberg, E., Ignition of Explosive Atmospheres by Static Electricity, PTB (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt), Mitteilungen, Germany, 1970. 

As shown in Fig. 7 we compared the frequency of the cesium Di line at 895 nm with the 4th harmonic of the methane stabilized He-Ne laser operating at 3.4 pm (/ = 88 THz). The laser that creates the frequency comb, the fourth harmonic generation and the HeNe laser are identical with the systems shown in Fig. 4. However, the HeNe laser was stabilized to a methane transition in this experiment and was used as a frequency reference instead of the Cs fountain clock. The frequency of this laser has been calibrated at the Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig/Germany (PTB) and in our own laboratory [51] to within a few parts in 1013. 

The approval of zone 0 apparatus has been established by PTB, Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig and Berlin. 

Johannsmeyer, U. and Kraemer, M. Interconnection of non-linear and linear intrinsically safe circuits, PTB-Report ThEx-10, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig and Berlin/Germany, 2000... 

So, in a research project, PTB Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany, has investigated the influence of real cables on spark ignition theoretically and in practical trials using the spark test apparatus. ... 

Compared with DC, particular difficulties arise from reflections on the cable in the mismatched state by application of alternating current in a higher frequency range (Fig. 6.240). This fact results in functional and safety-related problems, which may be controlled by restriction to relatively short cables and by applying the AC safety control circuit as established by PTB Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany. 

Forster, H. and Steen, H. Untersuchungen zum Ablauf turbulenter Gas-explosionen, Bericht W-32, PTB Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, 1986... 

Redeker, T. Classification of flammable gases and vapours by the flameproof safe gap and the incendivity of electrical sparks, Report W-18, PTB Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, 1981... 

PTB Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig and Berlin/Germany PROFIBUS Nutzerorganisation Karlsruhe/ Germany... 

Schotzig, U., Schrader H. Halbwertszeiten imd Photonen-Emissionswahrscheinlich-keiten von haufig verwendeten Radionukliden. PTB-Bericht PTB-Ra-16/5, Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, Braimschweig, 1998. 

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