Physicochemical analysis

Ya.V. Anosov, M.I. Ozerova, Yu.Ya. Fialkov, Fundamentals of physicochemical analysis, Nauka, Moscow, 1976 (in Russian). 

Daicker, B., K. Schiedt et al. (1987). Canthaxanthin retinopathy-An investigation by light and electron microscopy and physicochemical analysis. Graefe s Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 225(3) 189-197. 

In Britain, the term archaeometry was coined in the early 1950s by Christopher Hawkes in Oxford to describe the increased emphasis on dating, quantification and physicochemical analysis of archaeological materials. A journal with the same name was launched in 1958 and textbooks by Martin Aitken (1961) and Mike Tite (1972) illustrated the full potential of emerging applications. In 1974, the first volume of another periodical dedicated to scientific work in archaeology (Journal of Archaeological Science) was published. 

Tello, D., E. Eisenstein, F.P. Schwarz, F.A. Goldbaum, B.A. Fields, R.A. Mariuzza, and R.J. Poljak. 1994. Structural and physicochemical analysis of the reaction between the anti-lysozyme antibody D1.3 and the anti-idiotopic antibodies E225 and E5.2. J Mol Recognit 7 57-62. 

Boston, Ma., 7th-llth May 1995, p.2178-82. 012 PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF POLYMERS USED IN THE LOST FOAM CASTING PROCESS Shivkumar S Y Celotto M A Worcester,Polytechnic Institute (SPE)... 

Many of the tests described earlier have been applied in surveillance studies of solid propellants. Both response and failure characteristics may be followed as a function of time during storage at various conditions. Physicochemical analysis of specimens before and after exposure to... 

If analysis is to be attempted with a detection system of only moderate selectivity, a substantial cleanup procedure may be required in order to enhance the concentration of the extracted trace residue while decreasing die concentration of possible interfering substances in the sample matrix. This is die case with most of the relatively nonspecific physicochemical detection systems used in residue analysis. Occasionally a sample may be suitable for direct physicochemical analysis after an extraction and concentration step. However, the majority of edible animal products need extensive cleanup to separate the compounds of interest from animal lipids and other natural organic substances prior to detection. For such detection systems, there has been a general rule dictating diat the cleaner sample, the better the result obtained. 

The investigation of viscosities, electrical conductivities, refractive indexes and densities of binary liquid systems of sulphuric acid with nitromethane, nitrobenzene and 0-, m and p-nitrotoluene was made in order to obtain a clearer picture of the behaviour of these binary mixtures, regarding the stability of the addition compounds formed between the components. The application of these methods of physicochemical analysis to a number of binary systems with sulphuric acid [1, 2, 3] has enabled us to get some idea of the way in which the formation and stability of addition compounds affects the liquid phase properties of these systems. The binary systems of sulphuric acid with mononitrocompounds are particularly suitable for comparison with each other, because of the close similarity of the liquid media in these systems, due to comparable values of dielectric constants and liquid phase properties of the mononitrocompounds. The stability of the addition compounds in these systems in the crystalline phase [4] has... 

Very often these initiations avoid the difficulties presented by the more common protonic and aprotonic add catalysts, in that they are chemically well defined and allow a quantitative initiation reaction to proceed without complicating side reactions or the need for co-catalysts and promoters. Furthermore, since these salts are stable crystalline solids, physicochemical analysis of their solutions can be undertaken, in parallel with kinetic investigations of polymerisation. For example, ultraviolet/visible absorption spectrophotometry can be used to monitor directly the concentration of species such as Ph3C+ in solution (19—23). 

To determine the composition of bimetallic alkoxides formed via complex formation in solution and in the solid phase and to estimate their stability, we have applied physicochemical analysis — the investigation of the solubility isotherms in the systems M(OR)m- M (OR)n - L (solvent alcohol, ether, hydrocarbon, etc.). This method, common for the studies ofthe interaction of inorganic salts in water solutions, turned out to be rather fruitful in the chemistry of alkoxides. It permitted the study of the interaction ofthe components... 

Chadha, H.S., Abrahams, M.H. and Mitchell, R.C. Physicochemical Analysis of the Factors Governing the Distribution of Solutes Between Blood and Brain. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 1994,21, 2511-2516. 

Physicochemical Analysis Salmon calcitonin is a 32-amino-acid, nonglycosylated peptide hormone. It is structurally simple, possessing limited secondary structure and a single disulfide bond. The physicochemical characterization studies demonstrated that the primary and secondary structure of Fortical s recombinant salmon calcitonin (sc) was identical to that of Miacalcin s synthetic sc or naturally occurring sc. Further, the tertiary structures of the three were indistinguishable. 

Physicochemical Analysis In terms of complexity, HGH is fairly simple and well-characterized. Human growth hormone is a single-chain, 191-amino-acid, nonglyco-sylated protein with two intramolecular disulfide bonds. Sandoz used a variety of physicochemical tests and analytical methods to confirm the primary, secondary, and... 

Mel nik, Yu.P., 1966b. Physicochemical analysis of the stability of rocks under the conditions of ultrametamorphism and granitization. In Problemy teorii i eksperimenta v rudoobrazovanii (Problems of Theory and Experiment in Ore Deposition). Izd. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, pp. 114-138 (in Russian). 

Physicochemical analysis of the conditions of mineral formation has been limited to a substantial extent by the lack of reliable thermodynamic values, particularly those of the rock-forming silicates and of compressed gases at high temperatures. The development of a system of consistent values prior to... 

As a result, a physicochemical model for the formation of the BIF is proposed which is consistent with modern ideas on the evolution of sedimentation and volcanism and of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere in the Precambrian. This model, which proposes a mainly volcanic source for the iron and silica and a biochemical and chemical mechanism of deposition, is the most likely but not the only possible one. Other versions, or different interpretations, are not ruled out, but it is perfectly obvious that in any genetic postulates, the specific physicochemical data must be taken into account. It is also quite understandable that in a work which is a first attempt at physicochemical analysis of the entire geological cycle— source of the material transport deposition diagenesis metamorphism—not all the problems have been worked out in sufficient detail and not all the evidence is conclusive far from it. Further investigations in this direction are needed, including not only determination of the role of the individual parameters in ore formation, but also direct experimental modeling of the process. 

---