Physical Defects

Further evidence for the unique nature of the shock-formed point defects is the dispersion in ESR lineshape characteristic of conductivity at temperatures above 30 K. In shock-modified powder the conductivity is constant down to 2 K, indicating that the electrons responsible for the conductivity are not trapped. These observations indicate that shock-modified rutile is in a physical defect state that has not been obtained in more conventional vacuum-reduction defect studies. 

It is obvious that these physical defects are dangerous in their own right but it is also possible for them to lead to subsequent corrosion problems, e.g. pitting corrosion at superficial non-metallic inclusions and crevice corrosion at pores or cracks. Other weld irregularities which may give rise to crevices include the joint angle, the presence of backing strips and spatter (Fig. 9.29). Butt welds are to be preferred since these produce a crevice-free profile and, furthermore, allow ready removal of corrosive fluxes. 

Effects on reproduction [size of litters/broods evidence of teratogenicity (physical defects) in foetuses]. 

Finally, for HIPS, control of the rubber morphology in its broadest sense requires control of the reactor environment as well as the chemistry of the grafting reaction. Poorly agitated regions, for instance, can lead to visual and physical defects in the product. 

Kenneth Zanio, Materials Preparation Physics Defects Applications... 

Teratogen An agent or substance that may cause physical defects in the developing embryo or fetus when a pregnant female is exposed to that substance. 

I) Laboratory X-Ray Test. X-ray is used for radiographic and fluoroscopic examination of fuze parts to det if there are any physical defects. It is also used, when considered appropriate before and/or after nondestructive laboratory tests to det the condition of the fuze mechanism, such as the movement of parts (p IIB-28 of Ref 39)... 

Immediately inform the supervisor in case of any adjustment required for volume or any physical defects. 

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a pattern of mental and physical defects that develops in some offspring when exposed to alcohol in utero. The first trimester is the most susceptible period. Some babies with alcohol-related birth defects, such as lower birth weight and body size and neurological impairments, do not have all of the classic FAS symptoms. These outcomes are often referred to as fetal alcohol effects (FAE). Currently there is not total agreement among medical scientists concerning the precise differences between FAE and FAS. In addition to growth retardation, the most common outcomes of fetal alcohol syndrome include psychomotor dysfunction and craniofacial anomalies. 

Trap-Controlled Hopping. Physical defects that are associated with intermolecular conformations that deviate in some specific way from the normal statistical distribution of molecular arrangements and extrinsic chemical species can generate additional localized states that lie outside of the distribution of bulk states. The bulk states control the primary transport channel, the microscopic mobility, whereas the additional extrinsic states... 

The physical defects, such as the abrasive particles, their clusters, the fragments of the surface abraded by the abrasive... 

F-13) Formiminotransferase deficiency. This results in increased urinary levels of FIGlu (for-miminoglutamate). The patient may have significant neurological and other physical defects. FIGlu is also an indicator for folate deficiency. Just as xanthurenate is for Be deficiency (see 57), and urinary methylmalonate is for Bi2 deficiency (see 72). 

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